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Word Inspector 0.1a
Word Inspector project is a GTK frontend to Dict dictionary program. more>>
Word Inspector project is a GTK frontend to Dict dictionary program.
The dict program allows you to search through one or more dictionary-like reference books for a word, then displays its definition.
Word Inspector expands that by allowing you to enter words to look up more easily, easily look up words that appear in the definition for another word, and automatically look up a word in the X Windows selection.
<<lessThe dict program allows you to search through one or more dictionary-like reference books for a word, then displays its definition.
Word Inspector expands that by allowing you to enter words to look up more easily, easily look up words that appear in the definition for another word, and automatically look up a word in the X Windows selection.
Download (0.054MB)
Added: 2006-10-31 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
1092 downloads
RSpell 1.0
RSpell is a software library that can be linked to your program to provide spell checking routines. more>>
RSpell is a software library that can be linked to your program to provide spell checking routines.
RSpell project requires that you provide a list of acceptable words in a file, but will work with characters in UTF-8 or ASCII format.
Words can be added in real time, either for the current session or permanently. The functions are simple to use and fully documented.
<<lessRSpell project requires that you provide a list of acceptable words in a file, but will work with characters in UTF-8 or ASCII format.
Words can be added in real time, either for the current session or permanently. The functions are simple to use and fully documented.
Download (0.026MB)
Added: 2006-05-26 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
1246 downloads
Memorize Words Flashcard System 2.1.1.0
Memorize word Flashcard System is a Leitner Flashcard English learning tool. more>>
Memorize word Flashcard System is a Leitner Flashcard English learning tool.
Memorize Words Flashcard System was originally based on the idea of jMemorize although it is totally new written code with much more features and specially designed to learn words rather than being a general purpose flashcard program.
Main features:
- Creating multimedia cards with sounds and pictures.
- Learn cards randomly from a basket which can be created from expired, learned and unlearned cards.
- Start a time based and/or card based learning sessions.
- Automatically retrieving cards meanings from Internet (Merriam-Webster Dictionary)
- Automatically retrieve any words pronunciations in a audio format from Internet.
- You can decide to include pictures from Google image search results which are of course related to the word. (Can you imagine how much this visualization feature will help you learn the new language faster and easier?!)
- It automatically retrieve English sentences from internet which have used the desired word and then shows them in your learning process as practical words usage examples.
- You can categorize the cards.
- You can set the expiration date of the cards based on their current learning position.
- This program has been written in Java and therefore could be run in any operation system with JRE 1.5+
- and much much more.
<<lessMemorize Words Flashcard System was originally based on the idea of jMemorize although it is totally new written code with much more features and specially designed to learn words rather than being a general purpose flashcard program.
Main features:
- Creating multimedia cards with sounds and pictures.
- Learn cards randomly from a basket which can be created from expired, learned and unlearned cards.
- Start a time based and/or card based learning sessions.
- Automatically retrieving cards meanings from Internet (Merriam-Webster Dictionary)
- Automatically retrieve any words pronunciations in a audio format from Internet.
- You can decide to include pictures from Google image search results which are of course related to the word. (Can you imagine how much this visualization feature will help you learn the new language faster and easier?!)
- It automatically retrieve English sentences from internet which have used the desired word and then shows them in your learning process as practical words usage examples.
- You can categorize the cards.
- You can set the expiration date of the cards based on their current learning position.
- This program has been written in Java and therefore could be run in any operation system with JRE 1.5+
- and much much more.
Download (1.7MB)
Added: 2006-06-27 License: QPL (QT Public License) Price:
1349 downloads
Faroese Spell Checking Dictionary 0.2.30
Faroese Spell Checking Dictionary is intended to be used with programs like aspell and ispell. more>>
Faroese Spell Checking Dictionary is intended to be used with programs like aspell and ispell.
Installation:
After unpacking this package you can use it at least four ways:
Make and install a Faroese dictionary for aspell:
$ make aspell && su -c "make install-aspell"
Make and install a Faroese dictionary for ispell:
$ make ispell && su -c "make install-ispell"
Make and install Faroese dictionaries for aspell and ispell in a single run:
$ make all && su -c "make install"
Make a plain text list of Faroese words:
$ make words
Enhancements:
- Some words were added and some misspellings were removed.
<<lessInstallation:
After unpacking this package you can use it at least four ways:
Make and install a Faroese dictionary for aspell:
$ make aspell && su -c "make install-aspell"
Make and install a Faroese dictionary for ispell:
$ make ispell && su -c "make install-ispell"
Make and install Faroese dictionaries for aspell and ispell in a single run:
$ make all && su -c "make install"
Make a plain text list of Faroese words:
$ make words
Enhancements:
- Some words were added and some misspellings were removed.
Download (0.23MB)
Added: 2007-08-13 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
808 downloads
jsWordsearch 0.4
jsWordsearch is a word search puzzle generator that is playable through your Web browser. more>>
jsWordsearch is a word search puzzle generator that is playable through your Web browser. You use your own words and have many options to choose from, including size, color, word direction, shape, and more.
<<less Download (0.022MB)
Added: 2006-08-17 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
1163 downloads
spell-karamba 0.2
spell-karamba is a desktop applet for SuperKaramba that spells the typed words - letter by letter. more>>
spell-karamba is a desktop applet for SuperKaramba that spells the typed words - letter by letter.
You can choose from deutsch, english, american, international and NATO spelling.
Installation:
Actually the installation is pretty easy:
Copy all files from the tarball into a new folder. A good choice would be $HOME/kde3/share/apps/superkaramba/themes/dwd. Thats all. You start the theme from a shell by "superkaramba spell.theme". If you have a superkaramba theme running already its even simpler. Right-click the open theme and select superkaramba - manage themes.
From there you can search for the .theme-file. Do not open any other file with the superkaramba application.
<<lessYou can choose from deutsch, english, american, international and NATO spelling.
Installation:
Actually the installation is pretty easy:
Copy all files from the tarball into a new folder. A good choice would be $HOME/kde3/share/apps/superkaramba/themes/dwd. Thats all. You start the theme from a shell by "superkaramba spell.theme". If you have a superkaramba theme running already its even simpler. Right-click the open theme and select superkaramba - manage themes.
From there you can search for the .theme-file. Do not open any other file with the superkaramba application.
Download (0.017MB)
Added: 2006-07-05 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
1206 downloads
aspell-da 1.6.7
aspell-da is an aspell dictionary for spell-checking Danish texts. more>>
aspell-da is an aspell dictionary for spell-checking Danish texts. aspell-da is based on "Den store danske ordliste" (The Comprehensive Danish Dictionary).
The Comprehensive Danish Dictionary (DSDO) is a free spell-checking dictionary for Danish published by Skane Sjeland Linux User Group (SSLUG). One thing which makes this dictionary different from most other dictionaries is that it basically is the result of a vote among the proof-readers. The editorial group has _not_ proof-read all the words in the dictionary, but guides the proof-readers and keeps track of the overall status of the dictionary.
<<lessThe Comprehensive Danish Dictionary (DSDO) is a free spell-checking dictionary for Danish published by Skane Sjeland Linux User Group (SSLUG). One thing which makes this dictionary different from most other dictionaries is that it basically is the result of a vote among the proof-readers. The editorial group has _not_ proof-read all the words in the dictionary, but guides the proof-readers and keeps track of the overall status of the dictionary.
Download (0.45MB)
Added: 2007-07-30 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
823 downloads
ispell-da 1.6.7
ispell-da is an ispell dictionary for spell-checking of Danish texts. more>>
ispell-da is an ispell dictionary for spell-checking of Danish texts. ispell-da project is based on "Den store danske ordliste" (The Comprehensive Danish Dictionary).
The Comprehensive Danish Dictionary (DSDO) is a free spell-checking dictionary for Danish published by Skane Sjeland Linux User Group (SSLUG). One thing which makes this dictionary different from most other dictionaries is that it basically is the result of a vote among the proof-readers. The editorial group has _not_ proof-read all the words in the dictionary, but guides the proof-readers and keeps track of the overall status of the dictionary.
<<lessThe Comprehensive Danish Dictionary (DSDO) is a free spell-checking dictionary for Danish published by Skane Sjeland Linux User Group (SSLUG). One thing which makes this dictionary different from most other dictionaries is that it basically is the result of a vote among the proof-readers. The editorial group has _not_ proof-read all the words in the dictionary, but guides the proof-readers and keeps track of the overall status of the dictionary.
Download (0.47MB)
Added: 2007-07-30 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
817 downloads
uspell 0.1
uspell project is a spelling tester/teacher for elementary school. more>>
uspell project is a spelling tester/teacher for elementary school.
uspell is a sound-card based spelling tester.
The words to be spelled are spoken aloud by the computers sound hardware and the user is then prompted to spell the word via the keyboard.
To set up the rewards: make a directory, call it $base. Then "uspell -set $base", and dictate congratulatory statements for reward1 .. reward9 (or fewer).
I suggest parents or teacher perform this step, so the voice for the reward is not the same as the voice for the words. My list of rewards is pretty simple ("Hooray", "Good job", "Congratulations", "Atta-boy"). A final closing remark (like "You did it, thats the end") can be put in $base/reward-end.raw. Configure $base below to match your choice $base.
I expect the child him/her self to dictate the spelling words. "uspell -set unit_name", and it will give instructions from there. It may take some practice to
pause the right amount of time between hitting and saying the word. A *nix guru may be helpful cleaning up messes.
I expect the child himself/herself to dictate the words, and someone else to dictate the rewards, so there is an additional distinction between the words to type, and the rewards.
<<lessuspell is a sound-card based spelling tester.
The words to be spelled are spoken aloud by the computers sound hardware and the user is then prompted to spell the word via the keyboard.
To set up the rewards: make a directory, call it $base. Then "uspell -set $base", and dictate congratulatory statements for reward1 .. reward9 (or fewer).
I suggest parents or teacher perform this step, so the voice for the reward is not the same as the voice for the words. My list of rewards is pretty simple ("Hooray", "Good job", "Congratulations", "Atta-boy"). A final closing remark (like "You did it, thats the end") can be put in $base/reward-end.raw. Configure $base below to match your choice $base.
I expect the child him/her self to dictate the spelling words. "uspell -set unit_name", and it will give instructions from there. It may take some practice to
pause the right amount of time between hitting and saying the word. A *nix guru may be helpful cleaning up messes.
I expect the child himself/herself to dictate the words, and someone else to dictate the rewards, so there is an additional distinction between the words to type, and the rewards.
Download (0.005MB)
Added: 2006-10-31 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
1090 downloads
Scramble Words Generator 1.0
Can you raed tihs? Did you konw that it is poissble to raed text eevn wehn the iennr letrets hvae been rraeargned? If youre albe to raed tihs now, t... more>> <<less
Download (0KB)
Added: 2009-04-06 License: Freeware Price: Free
244 downloads
FallingWords 0.3a
FallingWords is a simple QT game that can help anyone to improve his/her typing skill. more>>
FallingWords is a simple QT game that can help anyone to improve his/her typing skill.
The goal of the game is to type the falling words before they touch the bottom of the screen.
According to the difficulty you choose, words will fall at different speed.
The score is calculated according to the selected skill.
<<lessThe goal of the game is to type the falling words before they touch the bottom of the screen.
According to the difficulty you choose, words will fall at different speed.
The score is calculated according to the selected skill.
Download (3.3MB)
Added: 2006-07-27 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
1184 downloads
Master Math Word Problems 1.6
Master Math Word Problems can help sharpen skills through practice. more>>
Solving word problems is an area where elementary students overwhelmingly display difficulties. Master Math Word Problems program can help sharpen skills through practice. Third through fifth graders learn to watch for key words and translate those into mathematical operations.
Students can learn new math skills, practice logic, get extended practice with word problems, but most of all they learn that they must read the problem. With regular practice your students may become master math word problem solvers.
Download and try out Master Math Word Problems.
<<lessStudents can learn new math skills, practice logic, get extended practice with word problems, but most of all they learn that they must read the problem. With regular practice your students may become master math word problem solvers.
Download and try out Master Math Word Problems.
Download (1.2MB)
Added: 2006-05-17 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price: $12
1262 downloads
Business Shell 1.0.3
Business Shell is a web template engine, scripting language, and shell. more>>
Business Shell (BUSH) can be used as interactive command shell, scripting language with a source code debugger, a database client and a web template engine. With third-party support for the ABEE standard for Java Virtual Machine and .Net, BUSH is an all-in-one replacment for BASH, PHP, J2EE, Ruby, Python, PERL and PSQL.
There are many shells, interpreters and languages available. Virtually without exception, they are incompatible with one another. Whats the point of learning a tool that, no matter how sophisticated it is, leaves your source code stuck with that particular tool. You want to do scripting, so you use Python or Scheme.
You want to do reporting, so you use Perl. You want to write a script, so you use Bash. You want to write an applet, so you use Java. To be a programmer these days, you need to be fluent in a dozen different languages. You would be making more money if you got a job at the United Nations.
The Business Shell is different. Its based on a language called AdaScriptTM, a subset of one of the most powerful languages available for Linux today. Ada 95 is a GCC supported language so any project you write in Bush is immediately portable to any machine that GCC runs on. In other words, virtually everything.
And it means that Bush scripts can be compiled using GCC and everyone knows that GCC is superior to most commercial compilers. If thats not enough, using the JGNAT open source compiler, you can even compile your Bush scripts into actual Java bytecode. There is another tool, A#, that will compile scripts into .NET byte code Things dont get much more platform-independent than that.
But Bush does more than just create scripts, executable programs and Java applets. Its a powerful computer language on its own able to do complex math, manipulate files, generate reports and able to do network programming. Bush will let strings grow as big as you need without worry of a running out of buffer space. And a number of built-in packages will let you do everything from compute trig functions to connecting to a web server.
But best of all, Bush is easy. Perl claims to be easy. Easily like riding a bicycle backwards in the middle of a thunderstorm. Bush is easy to read, easy to understand. You know exactly what a script does without having to have a reference book beside you at all times
Bush doesnt run your programs outright. First it examines them, compresses them, and converts them into intermediate code. (Thats "byte code", to you Java developers.) Bush optimizes the program for the best possible performance. It also takes the time to verify your program will run before attempting to execute the first line.
And if you make to typing mistake, Bush will let you know before running your program. Theres no need to worry that your typo will be a valid command like it would be in most other languages. Bush works for you, not against you.
One tool for all solutions.
Main features:
- Internal Byte Code
- 200+ Built-in Functions
- Template Engine
- PostgreSQL DBI
- TCP/IP Sockets
- CGI Library
- AU/WAV Sound
- Arrays
- Records (Structures)
- Enumerated Types
- True Booleans
- Types and Subtypes
Enhancements:
- A new built-in directory_operations package.
- A serious memory leak problem with pragma prompt_script has been repaired.
<<lessThere are many shells, interpreters and languages available. Virtually without exception, they are incompatible with one another. Whats the point of learning a tool that, no matter how sophisticated it is, leaves your source code stuck with that particular tool. You want to do scripting, so you use Python or Scheme.
You want to do reporting, so you use Perl. You want to write a script, so you use Bash. You want to write an applet, so you use Java. To be a programmer these days, you need to be fluent in a dozen different languages. You would be making more money if you got a job at the United Nations.
The Business Shell is different. Its based on a language called AdaScriptTM, a subset of one of the most powerful languages available for Linux today. Ada 95 is a GCC supported language so any project you write in Bush is immediately portable to any machine that GCC runs on. In other words, virtually everything.
And it means that Bush scripts can be compiled using GCC and everyone knows that GCC is superior to most commercial compilers. If thats not enough, using the JGNAT open source compiler, you can even compile your Bush scripts into actual Java bytecode. There is another tool, A#, that will compile scripts into .NET byte code Things dont get much more platform-independent than that.
But Bush does more than just create scripts, executable programs and Java applets. Its a powerful computer language on its own able to do complex math, manipulate files, generate reports and able to do network programming. Bush will let strings grow as big as you need without worry of a running out of buffer space. And a number of built-in packages will let you do everything from compute trig functions to connecting to a web server.
But best of all, Bush is easy. Perl claims to be easy. Easily like riding a bicycle backwards in the middle of a thunderstorm. Bush is easy to read, easy to understand. You know exactly what a script does without having to have a reference book beside you at all times
Bush doesnt run your programs outright. First it examines them, compresses them, and converts them into intermediate code. (Thats "byte code", to you Java developers.) Bush optimizes the program for the best possible performance. It also takes the time to verify your program will run before attempting to execute the first line.
And if you make to typing mistake, Bush will let you know before running your program. Theres no need to worry that your typo will be a valid command like it would be in most other languages. Bush works for you, not against you.
One tool for all solutions.
Main features:
- Internal Byte Code
- 200+ Built-in Functions
- Template Engine
- PostgreSQL DBI
- TCP/IP Sockets
- CGI Library
- AU/WAV Sound
- Arrays
- Records (Structures)
- Enumerated Types
- True Booleans
- Types and Subtypes
Enhancements:
- A new built-in directory_operations package.
- A serious memory leak problem with pragma prompt_script has been repaired.
Download (1.5MB)
Added: 2005-08-31 License: GMGPL (GNAT Modified GPL) Price:
1516 downloads
perlhack 5.8.8
perlhack is a Perl module that will show you how to hack at the Perl internals. more>>
perlhack is a Perl module that will show you how to hack at the Perl internals.
This document attempts to explain how Perl development takes place, and ends with some suggestions for people wanting to become bona fide porters.
The perl5-porters mailing list is where the Perl standard distribution is maintained and developed. The list can get anywhere from 10 to 150 messages a day, depending on the heatedness of the debate. Most days there are two or three patches, extensions, features, or bugs being discussed at a time.
A searchable archive of the list is at either:
http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/perl5-porters/
or
http://archive.develooper.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/
List subscribers (the porters themselves) come in several flavours. Some are quiet curious lurkers, who rarely pitch in and instead watch the ongoing development to ensure theyre forewarned of new changes or features in Perl. Some are representatives of vendors, who are there to make sure that Perl continues to compile and work on their platforms. Some patch any reported bug that they know how to fix, some are actively patching their pet area (threads, Win32, the regexp engine), while others seem to do nothing but complain. In other words, its your usual mix of technical people.
Over this group of porters presides Larry Wall. He has the final word in what does and does not change in the Perl language. Various releases of Perl are shepherded by a "pumpking", a porter responsible for gathering patches, deciding on a patch-by-patch, feature-by-feature basis what will and will not go into the release. For instance, Gurusamy Sarathy was the pumpking for the 5.6 release of Perl, and Jarkko Hietaniemi was the pumpking for the 5.8 release, and Rafael Garcia-Suarez holds the pumpking crown for the 5.10 release.
In addition, various people are pumpkings for different things. For instance, Andy Dougherty and Jarkko Hietaniemi did a grand job as the Configure pumpkin up till the 5.8 release. For the 5.10 release H.Merijn Brand took over.
Larry sees Perl development along the lines of the US government: theres the Legislature (the porters), the Executive branch (the pumpkings), and the Supreme Court (Larry). The legislature can discuss and submit patches to the executive branch all they like, but the executive branch is free to veto them. Rarely, the Supreme Court will side with the executive branch over the legislature, or the legislature over the executive branch. Mostly, however, the legislature and the executive branch are supposed to get along and work out their differences without impeachment or court cases.
You might sometimes see reference to Rule 1 and Rule 2. Larrys power as Supreme Court is expressed in The Rules:
Larry is always by definition right about how Perl should behave. This means he has final veto power on the core functionality.
Larry is allowed to change his mind about any matter at a later date, regardless of whether he previously invoked Rule 1.
Got that? Larry is always right, even when he was wrong. Its rare to see either Rule exercised, but they are often alluded to.
New features and extensions to the language are contentious, because the criteria used by the pumpkings, Larry, and other porters to decide which features should be implemented and incorporated are not codified in a few small design goals as with some other languages. Instead, the heuristics are flexible and often difficult to fathom. Here is one persons list, roughly in decreasing order of importance, of heuristics that new features have to be weighed against:
Does concept match the general goals of Perl?
These havent been written anywhere in stone, but one approximation is:
1. Keep it fast, simple, and useful.
2. Keep features/concepts as orthogonal as possible.
3. No arbitrary limits (platforms, data sizes, cultures).
4. Keep it open and exciting to use/patch/advocate Perl everywhere.
5. Either assimilate new technologies, or build bridges to them.
Where is the implementation?
All the talk in the world is useless without an implementation. In almost every case, the person or people who argue for a new feature will be expected to be the ones who implement it. Porters capable of coding new features have their own agendas, and are not available to implement your (possibly good) idea.
Backwards compatibility
Its a cardinal sin to break existing Perl programs. New warnings are contentious--some say that a program that emits warnings is not broken, while others say it is. Adding keywords has the potential to break programs, changing the meaning of existing token sequences or functions might break programs.
Could it be a module instead?
Perl 5 has extension mechanisms, modules and XS, specifically to avoid the need to keep changing the Perl interpreter. You can write modules that export functions, you can give those functions prototypes so they can be called like built-in functions, you can even write XS code to mess with the runtime data structures of the Perl interpreter if you want to implement really complicated things. If it can be done in a module instead of in the core, its highly unlikely to be added.
Is the feature generic enough?
Is this something that only the submitter wants added to the language, or would it be broadly useful? Sometimes, instead of adding a feature with a tight focus, the porters might decide to wait until someone implements the more generalized feature. For instance, instead of implementing a "delayed evaluation" feature, the porters are waiting for a macro system that would permit delayed evaluation and much more.
Does it potentially introduce new bugs?
Radical rewrites of large chunks of the Perl interpreter have the potential to introduce new bugs. The smaller and more localized the change, the better.
Does it preclude other desirable features?
A patch is likely to be rejected if it closes off future avenues of development. For instance, a patch that placed a true and final interpretation on prototypes is likely to be rejected because there are still options for the future of prototypes that havent been addressed.
Is the implementation robust?
Good patches (tight code, complete, correct) stand more chance of going in. Sloppy or incorrect patches might be placed on the back burner until the pumpking has time to fix, or might be discarded altogether without further notice.
Is the implementation generic enough to be portable?
The worst patches make use of a system-specific features. Its highly unlikely that nonportable additions to the Perl language will be accepted.
Is the implementation tested?
Patches which change behaviour (fixing bugs or introducing new features) must include regression tests to verify that everything works as expected. Without tests provided by the original author, how can anyone else changing perl in the future be sure that they havent unwittingly broken the behaviour the patch implements? And without tests, how can the patchs author be confident that his/her hard work put into the patch wont be accidentally thrown away by someone in the future?
Is there enough documentation?
Patches without documentation are probably ill-thought out or incomplete. Nothing can be added without documentation, so submitting a patch for the appropriate manpages as well as the source code is always a good idea.
Is there another way to do it?
Larry said "Although the Perl Slogan is Theres More Than One Way to Do It, I hesitate to make 10 ways to do something". This is a tricky heuristic to navigate, though--one mans essential addition is another mans pointless cruft.
Does it create too much work?
Work for the pumpking, work for Perl programmers, work for module authors, ... Perl is supposed to be easy.
Patches speak louder than words
Working code is always preferred to pie-in-the-sky ideas. A patch to add a feature stands a much higher chance of making it to the language than does a random feature request, no matter how fervently argued the request might be. This ties into "Will it be useful?", as the fact that someone took the time to make the patch demonstrates a strong desire for the feature.
If youre on the list, you might hear the word "core" bandied around. It refers to the standard distribution. "Hacking on the core" means youre changing the C source code to the Perl interpreter. "A core module" is one that ships with Perl.
<<lessThis document attempts to explain how Perl development takes place, and ends with some suggestions for people wanting to become bona fide porters.
The perl5-porters mailing list is where the Perl standard distribution is maintained and developed. The list can get anywhere from 10 to 150 messages a day, depending on the heatedness of the debate. Most days there are two or three patches, extensions, features, or bugs being discussed at a time.
A searchable archive of the list is at either:
http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/perl5-porters/
or
http://archive.develooper.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/
List subscribers (the porters themselves) come in several flavours. Some are quiet curious lurkers, who rarely pitch in and instead watch the ongoing development to ensure theyre forewarned of new changes or features in Perl. Some are representatives of vendors, who are there to make sure that Perl continues to compile and work on their platforms. Some patch any reported bug that they know how to fix, some are actively patching their pet area (threads, Win32, the regexp engine), while others seem to do nothing but complain. In other words, its your usual mix of technical people.
Over this group of porters presides Larry Wall. He has the final word in what does and does not change in the Perl language. Various releases of Perl are shepherded by a "pumpking", a porter responsible for gathering patches, deciding on a patch-by-patch, feature-by-feature basis what will and will not go into the release. For instance, Gurusamy Sarathy was the pumpking for the 5.6 release of Perl, and Jarkko Hietaniemi was the pumpking for the 5.8 release, and Rafael Garcia-Suarez holds the pumpking crown for the 5.10 release.
In addition, various people are pumpkings for different things. For instance, Andy Dougherty and Jarkko Hietaniemi did a grand job as the Configure pumpkin up till the 5.8 release. For the 5.10 release H.Merijn Brand took over.
Larry sees Perl development along the lines of the US government: theres the Legislature (the porters), the Executive branch (the pumpkings), and the Supreme Court (Larry). The legislature can discuss and submit patches to the executive branch all they like, but the executive branch is free to veto them. Rarely, the Supreme Court will side with the executive branch over the legislature, or the legislature over the executive branch. Mostly, however, the legislature and the executive branch are supposed to get along and work out their differences without impeachment or court cases.
You might sometimes see reference to Rule 1 and Rule 2. Larrys power as Supreme Court is expressed in The Rules:
Larry is always by definition right about how Perl should behave. This means he has final veto power on the core functionality.
Larry is allowed to change his mind about any matter at a later date, regardless of whether he previously invoked Rule 1.
Got that? Larry is always right, even when he was wrong. Its rare to see either Rule exercised, but they are often alluded to.
New features and extensions to the language are contentious, because the criteria used by the pumpkings, Larry, and other porters to decide which features should be implemented and incorporated are not codified in a few small design goals as with some other languages. Instead, the heuristics are flexible and often difficult to fathom. Here is one persons list, roughly in decreasing order of importance, of heuristics that new features have to be weighed against:
Does concept match the general goals of Perl?
These havent been written anywhere in stone, but one approximation is:
1. Keep it fast, simple, and useful.
2. Keep features/concepts as orthogonal as possible.
3. No arbitrary limits (platforms, data sizes, cultures).
4. Keep it open and exciting to use/patch/advocate Perl everywhere.
5. Either assimilate new technologies, or build bridges to them.
Where is the implementation?
All the talk in the world is useless without an implementation. In almost every case, the person or people who argue for a new feature will be expected to be the ones who implement it. Porters capable of coding new features have their own agendas, and are not available to implement your (possibly good) idea.
Backwards compatibility
Its a cardinal sin to break existing Perl programs. New warnings are contentious--some say that a program that emits warnings is not broken, while others say it is. Adding keywords has the potential to break programs, changing the meaning of existing token sequences or functions might break programs.
Could it be a module instead?
Perl 5 has extension mechanisms, modules and XS, specifically to avoid the need to keep changing the Perl interpreter. You can write modules that export functions, you can give those functions prototypes so they can be called like built-in functions, you can even write XS code to mess with the runtime data structures of the Perl interpreter if you want to implement really complicated things. If it can be done in a module instead of in the core, its highly unlikely to be added.
Is the feature generic enough?
Is this something that only the submitter wants added to the language, or would it be broadly useful? Sometimes, instead of adding a feature with a tight focus, the porters might decide to wait until someone implements the more generalized feature. For instance, instead of implementing a "delayed evaluation" feature, the porters are waiting for a macro system that would permit delayed evaluation and much more.
Does it potentially introduce new bugs?
Radical rewrites of large chunks of the Perl interpreter have the potential to introduce new bugs. The smaller and more localized the change, the better.
Does it preclude other desirable features?
A patch is likely to be rejected if it closes off future avenues of development. For instance, a patch that placed a true and final interpretation on prototypes is likely to be rejected because there are still options for the future of prototypes that havent been addressed.
Is the implementation robust?
Good patches (tight code, complete, correct) stand more chance of going in. Sloppy or incorrect patches might be placed on the back burner until the pumpking has time to fix, or might be discarded altogether without further notice.
Is the implementation generic enough to be portable?
The worst patches make use of a system-specific features. Its highly unlikely that nonportable additions to the Perl language will be accepted.
Is the implementation tested?
Patches which change behaviour (fixing bugs or introducing new features) must include regression tests to verify that everything works as expected. Without tests provided by the original author, how can anyone else changing perl in the future be sure that they havent unwittingly broken the behaviour the patch implements? And without tests, how can the patchs author be confident that his/her hard work put into the patch wont be accidentally thrown away by someone in the future?
Is there enough documentation?
Patches without documentation are probably ill-thought out or incomplete. Nothing can be added without documentation, so submitting a patch for the appropriate manpages as well as the source code is always a good idea.
Is there another way to do it?
Larry said "Although the Perl Slogan is Theres More Than One Way to Do It, I hesitate to make 10 ways to do something". This is a tricky heuristic to navigate, though--one mans essential addition is another mans pointless cruft.
Does it create too much work?
Work for the pumpking, work for Perl programmers, work for module authors, ... Perl is supposed to be easy.
Patches speak louder than words
Working code is always preferred to pie-in-the-sky ideas. A patch to add a feature stands a much higher chance of making it to the language than does a random feature request, no matter how fervently argued the request might be. This ties into "Will it be useful?", as the fact that someone took the time to make the patch demonstrates a strong desire for the feature.
If youre on the list, you might hear the word "core" bandied around. It refers to the standard distribution. "Hacking on the core" means youre changing the C source code to the Perl interpreter. "A core module" is one that ships with Perl.
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Learn Words 0.1
Learn Words project is a tool for teaching words in foreign languages. more>>
Learn Words project is a tool for teaching words in foreign languages.
Once words and their meanings have been entered, the computer quizzes you and shows how many errors you made.
Main features:
- Dictionary quick searching
- Thumbnail view
Enhancements:
- Learn words from mini dictionary
- Full mini dictionary opening, editing and saving support
- Set tab at saving and doesnt ask filename again + save as... function.
- Minidict edit & save support
- Gnome menu
<<lessOnce words and their meanings have been entered, the computer quizzes you and shows how many errors you made.
Main features:
- Dictionary quick searching
- Thumbnail view
Enhancements:
- Learn words from mini dictionary
- Full mini dictionary opening, editing and saving support
- Set tab at saving and doesnt ask filename again + save as... function.
- Minidict edit & save support
- Gnome menu
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