how does a kernel change to popcorn
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Gnome Desktop Change 0.2.1
Gnome Desktop Change is a daemon that changes randomly your GNOME desktop background. more>>
Gnome Desktop Change is a daemon that changes randomly your GNOME desktop background.
Gnome Desktop Change is a daemon that changes randomly your GNOME desktop background. Its totally written in C++, it uses FAM (File Alteration Monitor) to detect changes into directory that contains picture files, and its multithread.
<<lessGnome Desktop Change is a daemon that changes randomly your GNOME desktop background. Its totally written in C++, it uses FAM (File Alteration Monitor) to detect changes into directory that contains picture files, and its multithread.
Download (0.10MB)
Added: 2005-08-02 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
1555 downloads
xlike Kernel Patchset 0.20f
xlike Kernel Patchset is a patch collection for the Linux vanilla kernel. more>>
xlike Kernel Patchset is a patch collection for the Linux vanilla kernel. The project includes as many stable enhancements for the Linux kernel as possible.
These include code from Kernel Mode Linux, Rule Set Based Access Control, Novell AppArmor, Openswan, grsecurity, Linux VServer, Ndiswrapper, web100, Nefilters, Suspend2, Speakup, Amiga Smart File System, Cdemu, SquashFS, fbsplash, QuadDSP, and more. It also contains many drivers and fixes.
Enhancements:
- This version was updated to patch against Linux 2.6.20.
- User Mode Linux with Linux-PHC, LinuxIMQ, Web100, WANPIPE, WRR, ReiserFS4, SquashFS, UnionFS, Bootsplash, and Kernel Color Output were added.
<<lessThese include code from Kernel Mode Linux, Rule Set Based Access Control, Novell AppArmor, Openswan, grsecurity, Linux VServer, Ndiswrapper, web100, Nefilters, Suspend2, Speakup, Amiga Smart File System, Cdemu, SquashFS, fbsplash, QuadDSP, and more. It also contains many drivers and fixes.
Enhancements:
- This version was updated to patch against Linux 2.6.20.
- User Mode Linux with Linux-PHC, LinuxIMQ, Web100, WANPIPE, WRR, ReiserFS4, SquashFS, UnionFS, Bootsplash, and Kernel Color Output were added.
Download (0.45MB)
Added: 2007-08-22 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
793 downloads
gnome-kernel-manager 0.0.1
gnome-kernel-manager is a tool for managing kernel modules and more. more>>
gnome-kernel-manager is a tool for managing kernel modules and more.
gnome-kernel-manager is a gui for managing the kernel modules, .... Only Linux kernel is supported.
Main features:
- Shows the list of loaded modules.
- Shows the list of all installed modules.
- Shows information about modules.
- Supports (un)loading modules.
<<lessgnome-kernel-manager is a gui for managing the kernel modules, .... Only Linux kernel is supported.
Main features:
- Shows the list of loaded modules.
- Shows the list of all installed modules.
- Shows information about modules.
- Supports (un)loading modules.
Download (0.27MB)
Added: 2007-07-26 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
824 downloads
Lanshield Watchdog Linux Kernel Patch 0.1
Lanshield Watchdog Linux Kernel Patch drives an onboard (97317VUL) watchdog which resets the device every ten minutes. more>>
Lanshield Watchdog Linux Kernel Patch drives an onboard (97317VUL) watchdog which resets the device every ten minutes.
Lanshield Watchdog Linux Kernel Patch is for the onboard(97317VUL) watchdog which resets the device every 10 minutes.
BOARD: PENT/CPCI-765/
it was really hard to find the necessary information...
if you want to know how it works look in the code !!
You can compile it as module(which makes no sense) or fixed in the kernel in the userspace you just write to file /dev/watchdog.
<<lessLanshield Watchdog Linux Kernel Patch is for the onboard(97317VUL) watchdog which resets the device every 10 minutes.
BOARD: PENT/CPCI-765/
it was really hard to find the necessary information...
if you want to know how it works look in the code !!
You can compile it as module(which makes no sense) or fixed in the kernel in the userspace you just write to file /dev/watchdog.
Download (0.003MB)
Added: 2006-05-02 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
1272 downloads
Openwall Linux kernel patch 2.4.35-ow2
Openwall Linux kernel patch is a collection of security-related features for the Linux kernel. more>>
Openwall Linux kernel patch is a collection of security-related features for the Linux kernel, all configurable via the new Security options configuration section. In addition to the new features, some versions of the patch contain various security fixes.
The number of such fixes changes from version to version, as some are becoming obsolete (such as because of the same problem getting fixed with a new kernel release), while other security issues are discovered.
Non-executable user stack area.
Most buffer overflow exploits are based on overwriting a functions return address on the stack to point to some arbitrary code, which is also put onto the stack. If the stack area is non-executable, buffer overflow vulnerabilities become harder to exploit.
Another way to exploit a buffer overflow is to point the return address to a function in libc, usually system(). This patch also changes the default address that shared libraries are mmap()ed at to make it always contain a zero byte. This makes it impossible to specify any more data (parameters to the function, or more copies of the return address when filling with a pattern), -- in many exploits that have to do with ASCIIZ strings.
However, note that this patch is by no means a complete solution, it just adds an extra layer of security. Many buffer overflow vulnerabilities will remain exploitable a more complicated way, and some will even remain unaffected by the patch. The reason for using such a patch is to protect against some of the buffer overflow vulnerabilities that are yet unknown.
Also, note that some buffer overflows can be used for denial of service attacks (usually in non-respawning daemons and network clients). A patch like this cannot do anything against that.
It is important that you fix vulnerabilities as soon as they become known, even if youre using the patch. The same applies to other features of the patch (discussed below) and their corresponding vulnerabilities.
Restricted links in /tmp.
Ive also added a link-in-+t restriction, originally for Linux 2.0 only, by Andrew Tridgell. Ive updated it to prevent from using a hard link in an attack instead, by not allowing regular users to create hard links to files they dont own, unless they could read and write the file (due to group permissions). This is usually the desired behavior anyway, since otherwise users couldnt remove such links theyve just created in a +t directory (unfortunately, this is still possible for group-writable files) and because of disk quotas.
Unfortunately, this may break existing applications.
Restricted FIFOs in /tmp.
In addition to restricting links, you might also want to restrict writes into untrusted FIFOs (named pipes), to make data spoofing attacks harder. Enabling this option disallows writing into FIFOs not owned by the user in +t directories, unless the owner is the same as that of the directory or the FIFO is opened without the O_CREAT flag.
Restricted /proc.
This was originally a patch by route that only changed the permissions on some directories in /proc, so you had to be root to access them. Then there were similar patches by others. I found them all quite unusable for my purposes, on a system where I wanted several admins to be able to see all the processes, etc, without having to su root (or use sudo) each time. So I had to create my own patch that I include here.
This option restricts the permissions on /proc so that non-root users can see their own processes only, and nothing about active network connections, unless theyre in a special group. This groups id is specified via the gid= mount option, and is 0 by default. (Note: if youre using identd, you will need to edit the inetd.conf line to run identd as this special group.) Also, this disables dmesg(8) for the users. You might want to use this on an ISP shell server where privacy is an issue. Note that these extra restrictions can be trivially bypassed with physical access (without having to reboot).
When using this part of the patch, most programs (ps, top, who) work as desired -- they only show the processes of this user (unless root or in the special group, or running with the relevant capabilities on 2.2+), and dont complain they cant access others. However, theres a known problem with w(1) in recent versions of procps, so you should apply the included patch to procps if this applies to you.
Enhancements:
- This revision adds a fix for the "parent process death signal" vulnerability in the Linux kernel.
- It also adds two security hardening features, both enabled by default: restricted access to VM86 mode (specific to 32-bit x86) and restricted zero page mappings (generic).
<<lessThe number of such fixes changes from version to version, as some are becoming obsolete (such as because of the same problem getting fixed with a new kernel release), while other security issues are discovered.
Non-executable user stack area.
Most buffer overflow exploits are based on overwriting a functions return address on the stack to point to some arbitrary code, which is also put onto the stack. If the stack area is non-executable, buffer overflow vulnerabilities become harder to exploit.
Another way to exploit a buffer overflow is to point the return address to a function in libc, usually system(). This patch also changes the default address that shared libraries are mmap()ed at to make it always contain a zero byte. This makes it impossible to specify any more data (parameters to the function, or more copies of the return address when filling with a pattern), -- in many exploits that have to do with ASCIIZ strings.
However, note that this patch is by no means a complete solution, it just adds an extra layer of security. Many buffer overflow vulnerabilities will remain exploitable a more complicated way, and some will even remain unaffected by the patch. The reason for using such a patch is to protect against some of the buffer overflow vulnerabilities that are yet unknown.
Also, note that some buffer overflows can be used for denial of service attacks (usually in non-respawning daemons and network clients). A patch like this cannot do anything against that.
It is important that you fix vulnerabilities as soon as they become known, even if youre using the patch. The same applies to other features of the patch (discussed below) and their corresponding vulnerabilities.
Restricted links in /tmp.
Ive also added a link-in-+t restriction, originally for Linux 2.0 only, by Andrew Tridgell. Ive updated it to prevent from using a hard link in an attack instead, by not allowing regular users to create hard links to files they dont own, unless they could read and write the file (due to group permissions). This is usually the desired behavior anyway, since otherwise users couldnt remove such links theyve just created in a +t directory (unfortunately, this is still possible for group-writable files) and because of disk quotas.
Unfortunately, this may break existing applications.
Restricted FIFOs in /tmp.
In addition to restricting links, you might also want to restrict writes into untrusted FIFOs (named pipes), to make data spoofing attacks harder. Enabling this option disallows writing into FIFOs not owned by the user in +t directories, unless the owner is the same as that of the directory or the FIFO is opened without the O_CREAT flag.
Restricted /proc.
This was originally a patch by route that only changed the permissions on some directories in /proc, so you had to be root to access them. Then there were similar patches by others. I found them all quite unusable for my purposes, on a system where I wanted several admins to be able to see all the processes, etc, without having to su root (or use sudo) each time. So I had to create my own patch that I include here.
This option restricts the permissions on /proc so that non-root users can see their own processes only, and nothing about active network connections, unless theyre in a special group. This groups id is specified via the gid= mount option, and is 0 by default. (Note: if youre using identd, you will need to edit the inetd.conf line to run identd as this special group.) Also, this disables dmesg(8) for the users. You might want to use this on an ISP shell server where privacy is an issue. Note that these extra restrictions can be trivially bypassed with physical access (without having to reboot).
When using this part of the patch, most programs (ps, top, who) work as desired -- they only show the processes of this user (unless root or in the special group, or running with the relevant capabilities on 2.2+), and dont complain they cant access others. However, theres a known problem with w(1) in recent versions of procps, so you should apply the included patch to procps if this applies to you.
Enhancements:
- This revision adds a fix for the "parent process death signal" vulnerability in the Linux kernel.
- It also adds two security hardening features, both enabled by default: restricted access to VM86 mode (specific to 32-bit x86) and restricted zero page mappings (generic).
Download (0.034MB)
Added: 2007-08-15 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
800 downloads
Kernel Configuration Comparison 0.2
Kernel Configuration Comparison (kccmp) provides a GUI for comparing two Linux kernel .config files. more>>
Kernel Configuration Comparison (kccmp) provides a GUI for comparing two Linux kernel ".config" files.
It shows configuration variables with different values in a tabular format. It also shows configuration variables found in only one of the input configuration files.
Building:
kccmp by default requires Qt 3.x. However, by changing one line in kccmp.pro you can build against Qt 4.x. Note that the Qt 4.x build requilres libboost_regex as well.
The standard build is as easy as:
example:
% qmake
% make
Usage
% kccmp /path/to/first/.config path/to/second/.config
example:
% kccmp /usr/src/linux/.config /usr/src/linux/.config.old
Enhancements:
- This release was ported to Qt 3.x.
- The requirement for libboost_regex was removed.
- Building with either Qt 4.x or Qt 3.x is now supported.
<<lessIt shows configuration variables with different values in a tabular format. It also shows configuration variables found in only one of the input configuration files.
Building:
kccmp by default requires Qt 3.x. However, by changing one line in kccmp.pro you can build against Qt 4.x. Note that the Qt 4.x build requilres libboost_regex as well.
The standard build is as easy as:
example:
% qmake
% make
Usage
% kccmp /path/to/first/.config path/to/second/.config
example:
% kccmp /usr/src/linux/.config /usr/src/linux/.config.old
Enhancements:
- This release was ported to Qt 3.x.
- The requirement for libboost_regex was removed.
- Building with either Qt 4.x or Qt 3.x is now supported.
Download (0.012MB)
Added: 2005-10-03 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
1482 downloads
Kernel Version Monitor 0.5
Kernel Version Monitor is a Superkaramba theme that creates a widget displaying the current version information of the kernel. more>>
Kernel Version Monitor is a Superkaramba theme that creates a widget displaying the current version information of the Linux kernel as put forth by the kernel.org RSS feed here: http://kernel.org/kdist/rss.xml . Kernel Version Monitor uses the Tux icon from the nuoveXT icon theme found at http://nuovext.pwsp.net
Kudos and thanks to Richard "Ricardo" Szlachta for his advice on refining the aesthetics of this theme.
This is my first Superkaramba theme and a work in progress. I would love to hear comments, opinions and suggestions in order to improve this theme.
<<lessKudos and thanks to Richard "Ricardo" Szlachta for his advice on refining the aesthetics of this theme.
This is my first Superkaramba theme and a work in progress. I would love to hear comments, opinions and suggestions in order to improve this theme.
Download (0.025MB)
Added: 2006-06-29 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
1213 downloads
Kernel-Machine Library 0.1
Kernel-Machine Library is a C++ library to implement kernel machines. more>>
The Kernel-Machine Library is a freely available (released under the GPL) C++ library to promote the use and progress of kernel machines. It is both for academic use and for developing real world applications.
The Kernel-Machine Library draws heavily from features of modern C++ such as template meta-programming to achieve high performance while at the same time offering a comfortable interface.
It enables compile-time selection of specialised algorithms on the basis of data types: for example, the specific case of a SVM in combination with a linear kernel can be computed by a specialised efficient algorithm.
The Kernel-Machine Library has implementations for the following kernel machines and their cited algorithms:
- Support Vector Machine [1, 2, 3]
- Relevance Vector Machine [4]
- Kernel Recursive Least Squares [5]
- Adaptive Sparseness using Jeffreys Prior [6]
- Smooth Relevance Vector Machine [7]
Up till now, the focus has been on regression. The handling of classification and ranking problems is being added.
<<lessThe Kernel-Machine Library draws heavily from features of modern C++ such as template meta-programming to achieve high performance while at the same time offering a comfortable interface.
It enables compile-time selection of specialised algorithms on the basis of data types: for example, the specific case of a SVM in combination with a linear kernel can be computed by a specialised efficient algorithm.
The Kernel-Machine Library has implementations for the following kernel machines and their cited algorithms:
- Support Vector Machine [1, 2, 3]
- Relevance Vector Machine [4]
- Kernel Recursive Least Squares [5]
- Adaptive Sparseness using Jeffreys Prior [6]
- Smooth Relevance Vector Machine [7]
Up till now, the focus has been on regression. The handling of classification and ranking problems is being added.
Download (0.050MB)
Added: 2005-10-08 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
1478 downloads
suser-jengelh Kernel Patchset 2.6.22.1-ccj51
suser-jengelh Kernel Patchset is a patch collection for the Linux kernel. more>>
suser-jengelh Kernel Patchset is a patch collection for the Linux kernel. suser-jengelh Kernel Patchset includes code from a lot of projects, such as ttyrpld, MultiAdmin, parts of NF POM, cdfs, unionfs, and various accumulated bugfixes still not present in the vanilla kernel.
Enhancements:
- New netfilter modules (xt_TRACE, xt_connlimit, xt_u32, xt_gateway, xt_TARPIT, xt_time) and tproxy4 have been added.
- A number of patches have been outsourced to standalone packages.
<<lessEnhancements:
- New netfilter modules (xt_TRACE, xt_connlimit, xt_u32, xt_gateway, xt_TARPIT, xt_time) and tproxy4 have been added.
- A number of patches have been outsourced to standalone packages.
Download (1.6MB)
Added: 2007-08-05 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
814 downloads
Linux Kernel Monitor 0.3 Alpha
Linux Kernel Monitor is a tool for monitoring and managing linuxs kernel. more>>
Linux Kernel Monitor is a tool for monitoring and managing linuxs kernel. It has been developed for GNOME, using Glib and Gtk libraries in C language.
lkmonitor tries to offer detailed information of the characteristics of the system, as type of cpu, state of the memory or the file system registered in kernel.
lkmonitor is an open source project with information about the source code and software architecture to make easy the development of new characteristics.
Enhancements:
- IO information, kernel information, networking info, processes specific information, filesystems, modules, etc.
<<lesslkmonitor tries to offer detailed information of the characteristics of the system, as type of cpu, state of the memory or the file system registered in kernel.
lkmonitor is an open source project with information about the source code and software architecture to make easy the development of new characteristics.
Enhancements:
- IO information, kernel information, networking info, processes specific information, filesystems, modules, etc.
Download (0.084MB)
Added: 2007-07-30 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
816 downloads
OpenVZ kernel 2.6.16-1.2111_FC5.026test012 (Fedora Core 5)
OpenVZ project is an Operating System-level server virtualization solution, built on Linux. more>>
OpenVZ is a modified Linux kernel with additional support for OpenVZ Virtual Private servers (VPS).
VPSs are isolated, secure environments on a single physical server, enabling better server utilization and ensuring that applications do not conflict.
Each VPS performs and executes exactly like a stand-alone server; VPSs can be rebooted independently and have root access, users, IP addresses, memory, processes, files, applications, system libraries, and configuration files. OpenVZ is a subset of Virtuozzo.
Enhancements:
- Updated to the latest FC5 kernel and the latest OpenVZ kernel (including the checkpointing/live migration feature).
<<lessVPSs are isolated, secure environments on a single physical server, enabling better server utilization and ensuring that applications do not conflict.
Each VPS performs and executes exactly like a stand-alone server; VPSs can be rebooted independently and have root access, users, IP addresses, memory, processes, files, applications, system libraries, and configuration files. OpenVZ is a subset of Virtuozzo.
Enhancements:
- Updated to the latest FC5 kernel and the latest OpenVZ kernel (including the checkpointing/live migration feature).
Download (14MB)
Added: 2006-05-19 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
1253 downloads
Alphagate Systems Kernel Patchset 2.6-AS23
Alphagate Systems Kernel Patchset is a patch collection for the Linux kernel. more>>
Alphagate Systems Kernel Patchset provides new technologies and features, standard enhancements, as well as trivial-but-necessary fixes, that have not yet made it into the mainline (vanilla) Kernel.
So on one side, you get the next-gen code, while retaining stability is of concern. We choose SUSE Kernels because it is another stage of quality assurance that things do work reasonably.
2.6-AS22 is based on 2.6.15, which is quite a jump from 2.6.13. Certain things are missing because they are not available yet, such as TPROXY support. Because of this, AS21 and AS22 were released at the same time.
Components:
- Netfilter: IMQ, ROUTE, SYSRQ, TARPIT, XOR, connlimit, layer7, nth, random, u32, rICMP
- ttyrpld 2.10 rpldev
- CDFS 2.6.12
- BalaBit TPROXY 2.0.2 for 2.6.13
- SquashFS 2.2, +xmagic, +scan4it extensions
- UnionFS 20051130
- QuadDSP 1.2 - 4-channel audio output tools
- MultiAdmin 1.0.3
- THKD for Toshiba harddisks
- cdemu 0.7
- NDISwrapper 1.7
- RaLink RT2X00 drivers
- snd-pcsp audio driver and pcspkr emergency sound upon Oops, Panic or BUG
- Partition display upon rootfs mismount
- Boot time improvement by nosynchro RTC
- Visual plus: AS CKO, PureVGA, BSDUnderline, Con Loglevel, pipesize stat
- various /proc hardeners
- various small fixes (incl. UTF-8 console compose and userspace greediness fix)
- mouse button swap
- Staircase 13.2 provided (but not activated by default)
Enhancements:
- Unionfs, tproxy, sonypi, sony_acpi, the staircase scheduler, full preemption, and some other minor parts were updated.
<<lessSo on one side, you get the next-gen code, while retaining stability is of concern. We choose SUSE Kernels because it is another stage of quality assurance that things do work reasonably.
2.6-AS22 is based on 2.6.15, which is quite a jump from 2.6.13. Certain things are missing because they are not available yet, such as TPROXY support. Because of this, AS21 and AS22 were released at the same time.
Components:
- Netfilter: IMQ, ROUTE, SYSRQ, TARPIT, XOR, connlimit, layer7, nth, random, u32, rICMP
- ttyrpld 2.10 rpldev
- CDFS 2.6.12
- BalaBit TPROXY 2.0.2 for 2.6.13
- SquashFS 2.2, +xmagic, +scan4it extensions
- UnionFS 20051130
- QuadDSP 1.2 - 4-channel audio output tools
- MultiAdmin 1.0.3
- THKD for Toshiba harddisks
- cdemu 0.7
- NDISwrapper 1.7
- RaLink RT2X00 drivers
- snd-pcsp audio driver and pcspkr emergency sound upon Oops, Panic or BUG
- Partition display upon rootfs mismount
- Boot time improvement by nosynchro RTC
- Visual plus: AS CKO, PureVGA, BSDUnderline, Con Loglevel, pipesize stat
- various /proc hardeners
- various small fixes (incl. UTF-8 console compose and userspace greediness fix)
- mouse button swap
- Staircase 13.2 provided (but not activated by default)
Enhancements:
- Unionfs, tproxy, sonypi, sony_acpi, the staircase scheduler, full preemption, and some other minor parts were updated.
Download (40MB)
Added: 2006-01-18 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
1375 downloads
Install Kernel 0.9.3
Install Kernel is an advanced script which installs the kernel and sets up LILO or GRUB. more>>
Install Kernel interfaces with the Linux operating system by running a series of functions or groups of commands that automate the compiling or recompiling and installation process.
Install Kernel project consists of three groups of functions: building the kernel and moving files, checking dependencies, and editing the boot loader configuration file. Grouping all of the functions in these three groups makes maintaining and altering the script much easier.
Install Kernel can also be considered a program, because a program does checking and makes choices accordingly. A script is usually a file, which contains a certain number of commands with no logic in mind. Therefore, while ik is technically a script, it can also be called a program.
Dependency checks are to make sure the current system configuration and settings are properly setup before proceeding with the kernel build. There are seven dependency checks, they are: a root check, space check, link check, boot check, boot loader check, configuration check, and a module check.
First, the root check makes sure the user is a super user; which means they are capable of editing important system files only accessible to the root account. The space check makes sure there is at least 200 megabytes available.
The kernel source these days is around 150 megabytes just for the source code. When one compiles the kernel, it may increase the size to 50 megabytes or more. Therefore, ik
checks for at least 200MB available in order to successfully compile the kernel without running out of space. Next, it is not required, but it is standard to have a symbolic link of /usr/src/linux pointing to /usr/src/linux-x.y.z.
The fourth check makes sure the user has a /boot directory, this is where the Linux kernel files will be installed to. The fifth check determines the bootloader that will be used. There are two main boot loaders in Linux. LILO and GRUB are the two most popular for booting the operating system.
This check accurately finds whether the kernel was booted from either LILO or GRUB by checking which bootloader was used last. It then tells the rest of the script to edit the correct one accordingly. The sixth configuration check is to make sure users have created a proper kernel configuration file, which is used in the process of building the Linux kernel.
The final check is a module check, if modules are turned off, the script will determine this and alter the installation process to install with no module support. The main idea behind the depdency checks is to make sure the user cannot damage his or her system if they do not do something right.
The installation process also contains seven functions. The installation process is usually several commands. However, because of the differences that can occur in a users configuration file, each part of the building process must be checked and the building process may need to be altered.
The first function makes sure the dependencies are setup correctly for all files in the kernel source tree. The second function deletes stale object files and or old kernel files. Next, the third function is the kernel build function; this function runs a command to build the Linux kernel. Next, functions four and five make and install modules if the user had specified module support in his or her kernel configuration file.
The sixth function moves the Linux kernel and its System dependency map to the boot partition. The last function of the build process sets up module dependencies for the new kernel if modules were defined. The installation process also includes a small error check for each part of the kernel build process.
If any part of the kernel build process fails; the script will abort, not modifying any boot loader configuration files. This is important; because if it did not abort, it may alter the boot loader configuration files, thus rendering the system unbootable. It is important to support every Linux configuration possible because of the wide use of this script.
The boot loader configuration and setup process is probably the most important aspect of installing a new kernel. An improper boot loader configuration may leave one with system that does not boot; or simply does not boot the new kernel.
It is also important, as some systems may have two or more boot loaders installed. There are four functions defined for this process. The first function uses the boot loader, which was defined during the configuration checks. The second function defines where the LILO or GRUB configuration files are located.
Next, depending on which boot loader is found, either LILO or GRUB configuration files are edited automatically by sed. Sed is a stream editor, which edits a file with no user intervention. If user intervention were required, the user would have to be present between certain parts of the kernel installation. With ik, it makes efficient use of a users time because only one command needs to be entered to complete the entire installation and setup process.
Install Kernel is a useful tool for those who are new to Linux, rebuild their kernel often, or value their time. It reduces the commands for installing the kernel from about thirteen to one. Users new to Linux may find this attractive.
This is because the entire process is automated; and if something is not correct, in most cases ik will notify the user what is incorrect, and how to fix the error. On the other side, for experienced users who do not wish to spend valuable time installing a new kernel, this is also very handy. Install Kernel is efficient by requiring no user intervention and reducing time spent on kernel installs, and effective by giving new to Linux the option for an easy kernel upgrade.
Enhancements:
- Updated to work with the newer version of coreutils for head and tail.
- The MAKE_JOBS directive has been removed in favor of make -j2 to prevent make from spawning hundreds of jobs if /proc/cpuinfo did not exist.
<<lessInstall Kernel project consists of three groups of functions: building the kernel and moving files, checking dependencies, and editing the boot loader configuration file. Grouping all of the functions in these three groups makes maintaining and altering the script much easier.
Install Kernel can also be considered a program, because a program does checking and makes choices accordingly. A script is usually a file, which contains a certain number of commands with no logic in mind. Therefore, while ik is technically a script, it can also be called a program.
Dependency checks are to make sure the current system configuration and settings are properly setup before proceeding with the kernel build. There are seven dependency checks, they are: a root check, space check, link check, boot check, boot loader check, configuration check, and a module check.
First, the root check makes sure the user is a super user; which means they are capable of editing important system files only accessible to the root account. The space check makes sure there is at least 200 megabytes available.
The kernel source these days is around 150 megabytes just for the source code. When one compiles the kernel, it may increase the size to 50 megabytes or more. Therefore, ik
checks for at least 200MB available in order to successfully compile the kernel without running out of space. Next, it is not required, but it is standard to have a symbolic link of /usr/src/linux pointing to /usr/src/linux-x.y.z.
The fourth check makes sure the user has a /boot directory, this is where the Linux kernel files will be installed to. The fifth check determines the bootloader that will be used. There are two main boot loaders in Linux. LILO and GRUB are the two most popular for booting the operating system.
This check accurately finds whether the kernel was booted from either LILO or GRUB by checking which bootloader was used last. It then tells the rest of the script to edit the correct one accordingly. The sixth configuration check is to make sure users have created a proper kernel configuration file, which is used in the process of building the Linux kernel.
The final check is a module check, if modules are turned off, the script will determine this and alter the installation process to install with no module support. The main idea behind the depdency checks is to make sure the user cannot damage his or her system if they do not do something right.
The installation process also contains seven functions. The installation process is usually several commands. However, because of the differences that can occur in a users configuration file, each part of the building process must be checked and the building process may need to be altered.
The first function makes sure the dependencies are setup correctly for all files in the kernel source tree. The second function deletes stale object files and or old kernel files. Next, the third function is the kernel build function; this function runs a command to build the Linux kernel. Next, functions four and five make and install modules if the user had specified module support in his or her kernel configuration file.
The sixth function moves the Linux kernel and its System dependency map to the boot partition. The last function of the build process sets up module dependencies for the new kernel if modules were defined. The installation process also includes a small error check for each part of the kernel build process.
If any part of the kernel build process fails; the script will abort, not modifying any boot loader configuration files. This is important; because if it did not abort, it may alter the boot loader configuration files, thus rendering the system unbootable. It is important to support every Linux configuration possible because of the wide use of this script.
The boot loader configuration and setup process is probably the most important aspect of installing a new kernel. An improper boot loader configuration may leave one with system that does not boot; or simply does not boot the new kernel.
It is also important, as some systems may have two or more boot loaders installed. There are four functions defined for this process. The first function uses the boot loader, which was defined during the configuration checks. The second function defines where the LILO or GRUB configuration files are located.
Next, depending on which boot loader is found, either LILO or GRUB configuration files are edited automatically by sed. Sed is a stream editor, which edits a file with no user intervention. If user intervention were required, the user would have to be present between certain parts of the kernel installation. With ik, it makes efficient use of a users time because only one command needs to be entered to complete the entire installation and setup process.
Install Kernel is a useful tool for those who are new to Linux, rebuild their kernel often, or value their time. It reduces the commands for installing the kernel from about thirteen to one. Users new to Linux may find this attractive.
This is because the entire process is automated; and if something is not correct, in most cases ik will notify the user what is incorrect, and how to fix the error. On the other side, for experienced users who do not wish to spend valuable time installing a new kernel, this is also very handy. Install Kernel is efficient by requiring no user intervention and reducing time spent on kernel installs, and effective by giving new to Linux the option for an easy kernel upgrade.
Enhancements:
- Updated to work with the newer version of coreutils for head and tail.
- The MAKE_JOBS directive has been removed in favor of make -j2 to prevent make from spawning hundreds of jobs if /proc/cpuinfo did not exist.
Download (0.004MB)
Added: 2006-05-24 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
1249 downloads
SLAX Popcorn Edition 5.1.8
SLAX Popcorn Edition is a pocket operating system which fits even 128MB USB Flash Drives! more>>
SLAX Popcorn Edition is a pocket operating system which fits even 128MB USB Flash Drives! SLAX Popcorn Edition contains XFce desktop, Mozilla Firefox, Thunderbird, XMMS, AbiWord & Gaim.
This special modification of the SLAX live CD, Popcorn Edition, has been released after a week of beta testing.
Main features:
- XFce desktop
- Mozilla Firefox browser
- Mozilla Thunderbird mail client
- XMMS (in fact, its beep-media-player)
- Gaim (ICQ/AIM/etc client)
- MPlayer to play videos and to listen internet radio
- AbiWord text editor
SLAX is a small bootable CD containing the Linux operating system. It runs Linux directly from the CD (or USB) without installing.
The Live CD described here is based on the Slackware Linux distribution and is downloadable from this website as an ISO image.
The primary goal of SLAX is to provide a wide collection of useful software while keeping the cds image small enough to be written to a 185 MB CD-R(W) medium (small 8 cm CD). SLAX boots directly from the CD or USB devices and it provides a full featured Linux operating system.
All your available partitions and data storage devices (CD-ROM, USB storage devices, etc.) should be recognized at boot and should be mounted to /mnt/xx. As an example, "disc0part1" may be assigned to the first partition on your primary hard drive, "disc1part1" for your USB storage device, or "cdrom0" for your CD-ROM drive. SLAX will never write anything to the mounted devices. Mounting is safe and does not change the data.
After booting, you should be able to login as a "root", with the password "toor"; both without quotes, of course :)
When logged in, you have many options. At the shell prompt, you may start Midnight Commander (type "mc" to the console), play some music from your hard drive (type "play /mnt/path/file.mp3"), adjust your audio volume (type "alsamixer"), configure IP address (type "netconfig") or browse web pages with the text-based browser (type "lynx http://url").
To start the graphical environment included with SLAX, type "gui" (for graphical user interface). It will attempt to autoconfigure your graphics card, monitor, keyboard and mice, and if successful it will run an X session with KDE. Im pretty sure that you will know how to get around at this point. :-) Use "guisafe" instead of "gui" for safe-mode (VESA framebuffer) without autodetection.
In the unfortunate case your mouse doesnt work, try to move it for a few seconds to see if it will be autodetected. If it isnt, shut down Xwindow (press Ctrl+Alt+Backspace) and start it again. If this wont help then you are using something I have not included in the autoconfiguration process (COM2 mouse?). If you are comfortable with bash, or you atleast understand how to make your favorite mouse function under Linux, try to modify the symbolic link /dev/mouse manually.
If you dont like the autoconfigured screen resolution, refresh rate, or the K Desktop Environment, start "gui" with some additional options. Try for example "gui 800x600 60", where 800x600 is the desired screen resolution and 60 is the desired refresh rate. Fluxbox is one of the other window managers included and may be called with "guifast" or "gui fluxbox". In any event, type "gui --help" for more information.
All scripts and source code are available and can be used to build your own Live CD.
SLAX is available as an ISO image of the CD. It fits on small 8cm CD-R(W). Burn it with your favorite cd-writing software and then boot from the CD.
You might want to check your BIOS to assure its set to boot the CD prior the disc.
Enhancements:
- added KDE 3.5.4 with Slackware 11 fixes for media:/ URL in konqueror
- probeusb parameter now sleeps delay_use+1 seconds to wait for USB devices
- (this usually defaults to 6 seconds)
- fixed fuse libraries, which were missing in rc1 version
- added newest NTFS-3g beta version, NTFS writing now works, I hope
<<lessThis special modification of the SLAX live CD, Popcorn Edition, has been released after a week of beta testing.
Main features:
- XFce desktop
- Mozilla Firefox browser
- Mozilla Thunderbird mail client
- XMMS (in fact, its beep-media-player)
- Gaim (ICQ/AIM/etc client)
- MPlayer to play videos and to listen internet radio
- AbiWord text editor
SLAX is a small bootable CD containing the Linux operating system. It runs Linux directly from the CD (or USB) without installing.
The Live CD described here is based on the Slackware Linux distribution and is downloadable from this website as an ISO image.
The primary goal of SLAX is to provide a wide collection of useful software while keeping the cds image small enough to be written to a 185 MB CD-R(W) medium (small 8 cm CD). SLAX boots directly from the CD or USB devices and it provides a full featured Linux operating system.
All your available partitions and data storage devices (CD-ROM, USB storage devices, etc.) should be recognized at boot and should be mounted to /mnt/xx. As an example, "disc0part1" may be assigned to the first partition on your primary hard drive, "disc1part1" for your USB storage device, or "cdrom0" for your CD-ROM drive. SLAX will never write anything to the mounted devices. Mounting is safe and does not change the data.
After booting, you should be able to login as a "root", with the password "toor"; both without quotes, of course :)
When logged in, you have many options. At the shell prompt, you may start Midnight Commander (type "mc" to the console), play some music from your hard drive (type "play /mnt/path/file.mp3"), adjust your audio volume (type "alsamixer"), configure IP address (type "netconfig") or browse web pages with the text-based browser (type "lynx http://url").
To start the graphical environment included with SLAX, type "gui" (for graphical user interface). It will attempt to autoconfigure your graphics card, monitor, keyboard and mice, and if successful it will run an X session with KDE. Im pretty sure that you will know how to get around at this point. :-) Use "guisafe" instead of "gui" for safe-mode (VESA framebuffer) without autodetection.
In the unfortunate case your mouse doesnt work, try to move it for a few seconds to see if it will be autodetected. If it isnt, shut down Xwindow (press Ctrl+Alt+Backspace) and start it again. If this wont help then you are using something I have not included in the autoconfiguration process (COM2 mouse?). If you are comfortable with bash, or you atleast understand how to make your favorite mouse function under Linux, try to modify the symbolic link /dev/mouse manually.
If you dont like the autoconfigured screen resolution, refresh rate, or the K Desktop Environment, start "gui" with some additional options. Try for example "gui 800x600 60", where 800x600 is the desired screen resolution and 60 is the desired refresh rate. Fluxbox is one of the other window managers included and may be called with "guifast" or "gui fluxbox". In any event, type "gui --help" for more information.
All scripts and source code are available and can be used to build your own Live CD.
SLAX is available as an ISO image of the CD. It fits on small 8cm CD-R(W). Burn it with your favorite cd-writing software and then boot from the CD.
You might want to check your BIOS to assure its set to boot the CD prior the disc.
Enhancements:
- added KDE 3.5.4 with Slackware 11 fixes for media:/ URL in konqueror
- probeusb parameter now sleeps delay_use+1 seconds to wait for USB devices
- (this usually defaults to 6 seconds)
- fixed fuse libraries, which were missing in rc1 version
- added newest NTFS-3g beta version, NTFS writing now works, I hope
Download (115MB)
Added: 2006-10-09 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
1144 downloads
The Ark Roleplaying Kernel 0.1.4
The Ark Roleplaying Kernel is a 3D multiplayer roleplaying engine. more>>
The Ark Roleplaying Kernel project is a 3D multiplayer roleplaying engine.
The Ark Roleplaying Kernel is a roleplaying engine that will allow game developers to create a full- featured role playing game, without having to write a single line of C++. All they have to do is to create game data (models, textures, world), and define the behaviour NPCs, in Lua. The engine contains a full outdoor 3D engine, with support for skeletal animation, and triangle- accurate collision detection. It also contains tools to create world and quests, and loaders for the most common low-polygon 3D formats.
After an never-ending war which had begun because of the arrival of the daphyrings (insect-like creatures) which some humans feared, the planet sank bit by bit into a Middle-Age-like ignorance. From the bits of a rich and united nation were born numerous empires ever waging war between themselves. Humans having forgotten all their knowledge use the seldom-found devices of the ancient civilization such as magical artifacts, for they now know only how to forge old-fashioned weapons such as swords, axes, bows...
Fauna and flora themselves have been modified, because of the cataclysms (nuclear incidents) which occurred during the Great War. These accidents have also divided humans into many clans yet having a common religion. It is in this world, named Arkhart, that the game named for the moment ArkhartRPG (ah, such originality!) takes place.
<<lessThe Ark Roleplaying Kernel is a roleplaying engine that will allow game developers to create a full- featured role playing game, without having to write a single line of C++. All they have to do is to create game data (models, textures, world), and define the behaviour NPCs, in Lua. The engine contains a full outdoor 3D engine, with support for skeletal animation, and triangle- accurate collision detection. It also contains tools to create world and quests, and loaders for the most common low-polygon 3D formats.
After an never-ending war which had begun because of the arrival of the daphyrings (insect-like creatures) which some humans feared, the planet sank bit by bit into a Middle-Age-like ignorance. From the bits of a rich and united nation were born numerous empires ever waging war between themselves. Humans having forgotten all their knowledge use the seldom-found devices of the ancient civilization such as magical artifacts, for they now know only how to forge old-fashioned weapons such as swords, axes, bows...
Fauna and flora themselves have been modified, because of the cataclysms (nuclear incidents) which occurred during the Great War. These accidents have also divided humans into many clans yet having a common religion. It is in this world, named Arkhart, that the game named for the moment ArkhartRPG (ah, such originality!) takes place.
Download (0.70MB)
Added: 2007-01-03 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
1025 downloads
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