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Sub::Exporter::Tutorial is a friendly guide to exporting with Sub::Exporter.

Whats an Exporter?

When you use a module, first it is required, then its import method is called. The Perl documentation tells us that the following two lines are equivalent:

use Module LIST;

BEGIN { require Module; Module->import(LIST); }

The import method is the modules exporter.

The Basics of Sub::Exporter

Sub::Exporter builds a custom exporter which can then be installed into your module. It builds this method based on configuration passed to its setup_exporter method.

A very basic use case might look like this:

package Addition;
use Sub::Exporter;
Sub::Exporter::setup_exporter({ exports => [ qw(plus) ]});

sub plus { my ($x, $y) = @_; return $x + $y; }

This would mean that when someone used your Addition module, they could have its plus routine imported into their package:

use Addition qw(plus);

my $z = plus(2, 2); # this works, because now plus is in the main package

That syntax to set up the exporter, above, is a little verbose, so for the simple case of just naming some exports, you can write this:

use Sub::Exporter -setup => { exports => [ qw(plus) ] };
...which is the same as the original example -- except that now the exporter is built and installed at compile time. Well, that and you typed less.

Using Export Groups

You can specify whole groups of things that should be exportable together. These are called groups. Exporter calls these tags. To specify groups, you just pass a groups key in your exporter configuration:

package Food;
use Sub::Exporter -setup => {
exports => [ qw(apple banana beef fluff lox rabbit) ],
groups => {
fauna => [ qw(beef lox rabbit) ],
flora => [ qw(apple banana) ],
}
};

Now, to import all that delicious foreign meat, your consumer needs only to write:

use Food qw(:fauna);
use Food qw(-fauna);

Either one of the above is acceptable. A colon is more traditional, but barewords with a leading colon cant be enquoted by a fat arrow. Well see why that matters later on.

Groups can contain other groups. If you include a group name (with the leading dash or colon) in a group definition, it will be expanded recursively when the exporter is called. The exporter will not recurse into the same group twice while expanding groups.

There are two special groups: all and default. The all group is defined by default, and contains all exportable subs. You can redefine it, if you want to export only a subset when all exports are requested. The default group is the set of routines to export when nothing specific is requested. By default, there is no default group.

Tkx::Tutorial Perl module contains a tutorial about how to use Tkx.

Tk is a toolkit that allows you to create applications with graphical interfaces for Windows, Mac OS X and X11. The Tk toolkit is native to the Tcl programming language, but its ease of use and cross-platform availability has made it the GUI toolkit of choice for many other dynamic languages as well.

Tkx is a Perl module that makes the Tk toolkit available to Perl programs. By loading the Tkx module Perl programs can create windows and fill them with text, images, buttons and other controls that make up the user interface of the application.

Hello World

Lets start with the mandatory exercise of creating an application that greats the world. Here we make the application window contain a single button which will shut down the application if clicked. The code to make this happen is:

use Tkx;

Tkx::button(".b",
-text => "Hello, world",
-command => sub { Tkx::destroy("."); },
);
Tkx::pack(".b");

Tkx::MainLoop()

Save this to a file called hello.pl and then run perl hello.pl to start up the application. A window with the text "Hello, world" should appear on your screen.
After the Tkx module has been loaded by the use Tkx statement the application will show an empty window called ".". We create a button with the name ".b" and tell the window to display the button with the call to Tkx::pack(). After the layout of the window has been set up we need to pass control back to Tk so that it can draw the window and invoke our callback if the button is clicked. This is achieved by the Tkx::MainLoop() call at the end. Clicking the button will invoke the subroutine registered with the -command option of the button. In this case the callback simply destroys the window, which in turn will terminate the application.

IPTables-tutorials aim is to explain iptables in a complete and simple way. The iptables-tutorial is currently rather stable, and contains information on all the currently available matches and targets (in kernel), as well as a couple of complete example scripts and explanations. It contains a complete section on iptables syntax, as well as other interesting commands such as iptables-save and iptables-restore.

The tutorial has recently been under heavy scrutiny and updating, as can be seen in this, the latest version of the tutorial. It is now also available in bookform from Lulu.com. If you feel like contributing or donating to the author of this tutorial, please do buy the book! Thank you!

If you need help, you are better off by asking the netfilter mailing list which you can reach at netfilter at lists.netfilter.org. For more information on this, visit the netfilter mailinglist page. You may also contact the linuxsecurity mailing list at security-discuss AT linuxsecurity dotcom. Both are fairly large, and should be able to help you much much better than I can.

Prima::tutorial is an introductory tutorial.

Programming graphic interfaces is often considered somewhat boring, and not without a cause. It is a small pride in knowing that your buttons and scrollbars work exactly as millions of others buttons and scrollbars do, so whichever GUI toolkit is chosen, it is usually regarded as a tool of small importance, and the less obtrusive, the better.

Given that, and trying to live up to the famous Perl making easy things easy and hard things possible mantra, this manual page is an introductory tutorial meant to show how to write easy things easy. The hard things are explained in the other Prima manual pages ( see Prima ).

RiveScript::Tutorial is a beginners guide to creating their first RiveScript brain.

This tutorial outlines the various capabilities of the RiveScript specification and offers some recommended pointers for creating a well-formed RiveScript brain. What you do with this knowledge is up to you; be creative!

Be sure to skim over the RiveScript manpage first, because this tutorial jumps right in to using the various RiveScript commands without always explaining what each of them do.

A Simple RiveScript Interpreter

Here is a simple Perl script for running a RiveScript interpreter. This assumes that the brains RS files will be stored in a directory called "tutorial", local to the Perl script. Youd want to edit certain parameters in this code if you see fit.

#!/usr/bin/perl -w

use strict;
use warnings;
use RiveScript;

# Create the RiveScript interpreter.
my $rive = new RiveScript();

# Load the RS tutorial brain.
$rive->loadDirectory ("./tutorial");

# Sort them.
$rive->sortReplies;

# Go into a chatting loop.
while (1) {
print "User> ";
my $msg = ;
chomp $msg;

# Grab a reply.
my @reply = $rive->reply (user,$msg);
print " Bot> $_n" foreach(@reply);
}

Imager::Tutorial is an introduction to Imager.

Before you start

If you have the necessary knowledge, install the image format libraries you want Imager image file support for, and Imager itself, otherwise arrange to have it done.
You will also want some sort of image viewer tool, whether an image editor like Photoshop or the GIMP, or a web browser.

Hello Boxes! - A Simple Start

As with any perl program its useful to start with a #! line, and to enable strict mode:

#!/usr/bin/perl -w
# you might to use warnings; instead of the -w above
use strict;

These lines will be omitted in further examples.

As with any module, you need to load it:

use Imager;

Now create a image to draw on:

my $image = Imager->new(xsize => 100, ysize => 100);

and draw a couple of filled rectangles on it:

$image->box(xmin => 0, ymin => 0, xmax => 99, ymax => 99,
filled => 1, color => blue);
$image->box(xmin => 20, ymin => 20, xmax => 79, ymax => 79,
filled => 1, color => green);

Since the first box fills the whole image, it can be simplified to:

$image->box(filled => 1, color => blue);

and save it to a file:

$image->write(file=>tutorial1.ppm)
or die Cannot save tutorial1.ppm: , $image->errstr;

So our completed program is:

use Imager;

my $image = Imager->new(xsize => 100, ysize => 100);

$image->box(filled => 1, color => blue);
$image->box(xmin => 20, ymin => 20, xmax => 79, ymax => 79,
filled => 1, color => green);

$image->write(file=>tutorial1.ppm)
or die Cannot save tutorial1.ppm: , $image->errstr;

KDE Simple Programming Tutorial is a tutorial for developing a KDE application.

With the only requirement of a little C++ knowledge, and using the latest KDE snapshots, the reader will learn how to build his/her first KDE application from a simple "Hello world" button to a Web browser with a DCOP interface that communicates with a bookmark application running in a separate process.

Theres also a spanish and a romanian version of the documentation.