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xdelta 3.0e

xdelta 3.0e


xdelta is a library and application for computing and applying file deltas. more>>
xdelta is a library and application for computing and applying file deltas. xdelta project features VCDIFF encoding and decoding.
Xdelta was designed and implemented by Joshua MacDonald. The delta algorithm is based on the Rsync algorithm, though implementation and interface considerations leave the two programs quite distinct. The Rsync algorithm is due to Andrew Tridgell and Paul Mackerras.
To compile and install Xdelta, read the instructions in the INSTALL file. Once you have done this, you should at least read the first few sections of the documentation. It is available in info format. All documentation is located in the doc/ subdirectory.
Options:
-0..9 Set the zlib compression level. Zero indicates no
compression. Nine indicates maximum compression.
-h, --help
Print a short help message and exit.
-q, --quiet
Quiet. Surpresses several warning messages.
-v, --version
Print the Xdelta version number and exit.
-V, --verbose
Verbose. Prints a bit of extra information.
-n, --noverify
No verify. Turns off MD5 checksum verification of the
input and output files.
-m=SIZE, --maxmem=SIZE
Set an upper bound on the size of an in-memory page
cache. For example, --maxmem=32M will use a 32 megabyte
page cache.
-s=BLOCK_SIZE
Set the block size, unless it was hard coded (20% speed
improvement). Should be a power of 2.
-p, --pristine
Disable the automatic decompression of gzipped
inputs, to prevent unexpected differences in the
re-compressed content.
Enhancements:
- This release contains bug fixes and performance improvements.
- It also features VCDIFF encoding.
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Added: 2006-05-16 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
1261 downloads
EDelta 0.10a

EDelta 0.10a


EDelta is a fast XDelta-style binary differ, but optimized for executables which have a very systematic way of changing versions more>>
EDelta is a fast XDelta-style binary differ, but optimized for executables which have a very systematic way of changing between versions. EDelta has not been thoroughly evaluated so far, but on one example (two versions of Vim) it produces a 30kB delta where XDelta needs 250kB.
My personal use for edelta is to quickly deploy Linux kernels from my development-laptop to my test-machines, especially when working over my slow ADSL line at home. I frequently see factor of 100 speedups compared to shipping the whole file.
Whats New in 0.9e Stable Release:
- This release adds a -q switch, better arguments parsing, and an improved version of the epatch script for remote patching using SSH.
Whats New in 0.10a Development Release:
- This version adds the -le switch, which provides better compression on Intel and other little-endian platforms.
- It also fixes a few bugs.
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Added: 2006-12-26 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
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Pstdelta 060315

Pstdelta 060315


Pstdelta was created in order to vastly reduce the size of differential backups of .pst files. more>>
Pstdelta project has been created in order to vastly reduce the size of differential backups of .pst files.
Administrators of Windows networks running Outlook will often find their networks clogged with Outlook pst files. These files are often around 1GB in size.
Since these files change every day the nightly backup will have to save them every day. This means that space has to be made for 1GB per user per day.
Pstdelta can be used to store the differences between an old and new version of a pst file. It can then generate the new file using just the old file and the output generated by pstdelta.
NOTE: this program has been stable for me for a while. However, running verify after making a delta file is probably a good idea.
Enhancements:
- This release fixes a bug that caused verification failure in specific situations.
- It adds a nightly script to help facilitate the use of pstdelta in differential backups.
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Added: 2006-03-16 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
1317 downloads
Delta 2006.07.15

Delta 2006.07.15


Delta assists users in minimizing interesting files, subject to a test of their interestingness. more>>
Delta project assists users in minimizing "interesting" files, subject to a test of their "interestingness".
A common such situation is when attempting to isolate a small failure-inducing substring of a large input that causes a program to exhibit a bug.
The best way to understand how to use delta is with an example of its usage. Below is one example helpfully written up for me by Simon Goldsmith; read it first. For those wanting more, I also wrote a more detailed and harder to read document describing each tool: Using Delta.
Note that what follows is an example of using delta to minimize an input file to a program that reads programs, much as a compiler does. Note two features of file minimization that are present in the example.
Do a controlled experiment.
Below we dont just minimize a file that causes Oink to produce an error message, we minimize a file that causes gcc to accept AND oink to reject in a specific way. That is, the test delta does is a controlled experiment, where gcc is the control. Ignoring this aspect of the problem seems to be a frequent mistake of first time users.
Exploit nested structure.
One may minimize files of simpler syntax than C++ but really all files are interesting in the first place because they are in some language or another. Some simple configuration files are literally just a list of lines but most languages have some nested structure. Multidelta filters the input through the topformflat utility (included) to suppress any newlines past a particular nesting depth; this "explains" the nesting structure to the otherwise line-oriented delta utility (a brilliantly simple idea of Scott McPeaks).
If your input file language has no nesting structure, you can hack on multidelta to remove the filtration through topformflat or just use the raw delta program. If your language has a different nesting structure than C/C++, you can write your own multidelta and substitute it. A simple flex program should suffice; it need not be terribly accurate for delta to do well.
Enhancements:
- It is now much easier to stop delta.
- It catches signals and distinguishes them from return codes.
- It watches for the DELTA-STOP file at the same granularity as the tests are run.
- In multidelta, running the input file through cpp is off by default and can be turned on with the flag -cpp.
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Added: 2006-07-18 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
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Baudline 1.06

Baudline 1.06


Baudline is a real-time signal analysis tool and an offline time-frequency browser. more>>
Baudline is a real-time signal analysis tool and an offline time-frequency browser. Baudline project has a built-in tone generation capability and it can play back audio files with a multitude of effects and filters.
Designed for environmental analysis missions that range from modulation parameter measurements to searching for transient signals that go bump in the night, baudline combines fast digital signal processing, versatile high-speed displays, and continuous capture tools for hunting down and studying elusive signal characteristics.
Main features:
- 192 kHz real-time bandwidth
- 96 dB dynamic range
- Real or Quadrature input
- Multiple sound card support
- Input Digital Down Converter (tuner)
- Configurable input channels that can perform various operations
- Channel Equalization
- Frequency, time, amplitude, and sample probability distribution analysis
- Drift Integration "de-chirping"
- High speed displays
- Test signal generation
Audio player
- looping
- speed control with multirate resampling
- pitch scaling
- heterodyning (frequency shifting)
- 2D matrix surround panning
- notch, high, and low pass filters
- digital gain boost
File loading
- file formats: .wav, .aiff, .au, .al, .snd, .voc, .rmd, .pvf, .mp3, ID3, .ogg, .gsm, .sah, .fna, raw, .avi, .mov
- channels: mono, stereo, ... up to 9 channels
- data formats: ASCII decimal, A-law, u-law, 1-bit (msb & lsb), 8-bit (signed & unsigned), 16/24/32-bit integer (little & big endian), float, double
- compression
- lossless suffixes: .gz, .bz2, .Z, .zip, .flac
- codecs: ADPCM, GSM, MPEG, Ogg Vorbis
Measurements
- peaks: primary, secondary, delta (Hz dB PSD)
- fundamental: (Hz dB PSD), auto drift rate, chromatic, periodicity, RPM
- distortion: SNR, THD, SINAD, ENOB, SFDR
- power: full, select, noise ratio (dB PSD)
- system: clips, delta selected, frequency range, cursor time, UTC time
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Added: 2007-07-16 License: Free To Use But Restricted Price:
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DFA::Kleene 1.0

DFA::Kleene 1.0


DFA::Kleene is a Kleenes Algorithm for Deterministic Finite Automata. more>>
DFA::Kleene is a Kleenes Algorithm for Deterministic Finite Automata.

Calculates the "language" (set of words) accepted (= recognized) by a Deterministic Finite Automaton.

SYNOPSIS

use DFA::Kleene qw(initialize define_accepting_states define_delta kleene example);

use DFA::Kleene qw(:all);

&initialize(6,"ab");

Define the number of states (state #1 is the "start" state!) of your Deterministic Finite Automaton and the alphabet used (as a string containing all characters which are part of the alphabet).

&define_accepting_states(2,3,4,5);

Define which states are "accepting states" in your Deterministic Finite Automaton (list of state numbers).

&define_delta(1,a,4);

Define the state transition function "delta" (arguments are: "from" state, character (or empty string!) read during the transition, "to" state).
You need several calls to this function in order to build a complete transition table describing your Deterministic Finite Automaton.

@language = &kleene();

Returns a (sorted) list of regular expressions describing the language (= set of patterns) recognized ("accepted") by your Deterministic Finite Automaton.
&example();

Calculates the language of a sample Deterministic Finite Automaton.
Prints a (sorted) list of regular expressions which should be equivalent to the following regular expression:

(a(a)*b)*a(a)*(b)*

This is the same as

((a+)b)*(a+)b*

The routines in this module allow you to define a Deterministic Finite Automaton and to compute the "language" (set of "words" or "patterns") accepted (= recognized) by it.

Actually, a list of regular expressions is generated which describe the same language (set of patterns) as the one accepted by your Deterministic Finite Automaton.

The output generated by this module can easily be modified to produce Perl-style regular expressions which can actually be used to recognize words (= patterns) contained in the language defined by your Deterministic Finite Automaton.

Other modules in this series (variants of Kleenes algorithm):

Math::MatrixBool (see "Kleene()")
Math::MatrixReal (see "kleene()")

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Added: 2007-05-17 License: Perl Artistic License Price:
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Statistics::TTest 1.1.0

Statistics::TTest 1.1.0


Statistics::TTest is a Perl module to perform T-test on 2 independent samples. more>>
Statistics::TTest is a Perl module to perform T-test on 2 independent samples.

Statistics::TTest::Sufficient - Perl module to perfrom T-Test on 2 indepdent samples using sufficient statistics

SYNOPSIS

#example for Statistics::TTest
use Statistics::PointEstimation;
use Statistics::TTest;
my @r1=();
my @r2=();
my $rand;

for($i=1;$iset_significance(90);
$ttest->load_data(@r1,@r2);
$ttest->output_t_test();
$ttest->set_significance(99);
$ttest->print_t_test(); #list out t-test related data

#the following thes same as calling output_t_test() (you can check if $ttest->{valid}==1 to check if the data is valid.)
my $s1=$ttest->{s1}; #sample 1 a Statistics::PointEstimation object
my $s2=$ttest->{s2}; #sample 2 a Statistics::PointEstimation object
print "*****************************************************nn";
$s1->output_confidence_interval(1);
print "*****************************************************nn";
$s2->output_confidence_interval(2);
print "*****************************************************nn";

print "Comparison of these 2 independent samples.n";
print "t F-statistic=",$ttest->f_statistic()," , cutoff F-statistic=",$ttest->f_cutoff(),
" with alpha level=",$ttest->alpha*2," and df =(",$ttest->df1,",",$ttest->df2,")n";
if($ttest->{equal_variance})
{ print "tequal variance assumption is accepted(not rejected) since F-statistic < cutoff F-statisticn";}
else
{ print "tequal variance assumption is rejected since F-statistic > cutoff F-statisticn";}

print "tdegree of freedom=",$ttest->df," , t-statistic=T=",$ttest->t_statistic," Prob >|T|=",$ttest->{t_prob},"n";
print "tthe null hypothesis (the 2 samples have the same mean) is ",$ttest->null_hypothesis(),
" since the alpha level is ",$ttest->alpha()*2,"n";
print "tdifference of the mean=",$ttest->mean_difference(),", standard error=",$ttest->standard_error(),"n";
print "t the estimate of the difference of the mean is ", $ttest->mean_difference()," +/- ",$ttest->delta(),"nt",
" or (",$ttest->lower_clm()," to ",$ttest->upper_clm," ) with ",$ttest->significance," % of confidencen";

#example for Statistics::TTest::Sufficient
use Statistics::PointEstimation;
use Statistics::TTest;

my %sample1=(
count =>30,
mean =>3.98,
variance =>2.63
);

my %sample2=(
count=>30,
mean=>3.67,
variance=>1.12
);


my $ttest = new Statistics::TTest::Sufficient;
$ttest->set_significance(90);
$ttest->load_data(%sample1,%sample2);
$ttest->output_t_test();
#$ttest->s1->print_confidence_interval();
$ttest->set_significance(99);
$ttest->output_t_test();
#$ttest->s1->print_confidence_interval();

Statistics::TTest

This is the Statistical T-Test module to compare 2 independent samples. It takes 2 array of point measures, compute the confidence intervals using the PointEstimation module (which is also included in this package) and use the T-statistic to test the null hypothesis. If the null hypothesis is rejected, the difference will be given as the lower_clm and upper_clm of the TTest object.

Statistics::TTest::Sufficient

This module is a subclass of Statistics::TTest. Instead of taking the real data points as the input, it will compute the confidence intervals based on the sufficient statistics and the sample size inputted. To use this module, you need to pass the sample size, the sample mean , and the sample variance into the load_data() function. The output will be exactly the same as the Statistics::TTest Module.

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Added: 2006-12-18 License: Perl Artistic License Price:
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Test::Number::Delta 1.03

Test::Number::Delta 1.03


Test::Number::Delta is a Perl module to compare the difference between numbers against a given tolerance. more>>
Test::Number::Delta is a Perl module to compare the difference between numbers against a given tolerance.

SYNOPSIS

# Import test functions
use Test::Number::Delta;

# Equality test with default tolerance
delta_ok( 1e-5, 2e-5, values within 1e-6);

# Inequality test with default tolerance
delta_not_ok( 1e-5, 2e-5, values not within 1e-6);

# Provide specific tolerance
delta_within( 1e-3, 2e-3, 1e-4, values within 1e-4);
delta_not_within( 1e-3, 2e-3, 1e-4, values not within 1e-4);

# Compare arrays or matrices
@a = ( 3.14, 1.41 );
@b = ( 3.15, 1.41 );
delta_ok( @a, @b, compare @a and @b );

# Set a different default tolerance
use Test::Number::Delta within => 1e-5;
delta_ok( 1.1e-5, 2e-5, values within 1e-5); # ok

# Set a relative tolerance
use Test::Number::Delta relative => 1e-3;
delta_ok( 1.01, 1.0099, values within 1.01e-3);

At some point or another, most programmers find they need to compare floating-point numbers for equality. The typical idiom is to test if the absolute value of the difference of the numbers is within a desired tolerance, usually called epsilon. This module provides such a function for use with Test::Harness. Usage is similar to other test functions described in Test::More. Semantically, the delta_within function replaces this kind of construct:

ok ( abs($p - $q) < $epsilon, $p is equal to $q ) or
diag "$p is not equal to $q to within $epsilon";

While theres nothing wrong with that construct, its painful to type it repeatedly in a test script. This module does the same thing with a single function call. The delta_ok function is similar, but either uses a global default value for epsilon or else calculates a relative epsilon on the fly so that epsilon is scaled automatically to the size of the arguments to delta_ok. Both functions are exported automatically.

Because checking floating-point equality is not always reliable, it is not possible to check the equal to boundary of less than or equal to epsilon. Therefore, Test::Number::Delta only compares if the absolute value of the difference is less than epsilon (for equality tests) or greater than epsilon (for inequality tests).

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Added: 2007-01-18 License: Perl Artistic License Price:
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Empire Server 4.3.9

Empire Server 4.3.9


Empire Server is a server for the Empire game. more>>
Empire Server is a server for the Empire game.
Empire is a real time, multiplayer, Internet-based game, featuring military, diplomatic, and economic goals. For more information on the game of Empire, please check the FAQ.
A brief description of Empire is also available, as is a list of credits for the maintainers and people who have sent in code/bug fixes/ideas/etc. An overview of the Wolfpack Empire team is also available.
While Empire is possessed of a great deal of complexities, with a bit of effort, it has proven to be the one definitive Internet experience for a great deal of people. Empire is the pinnacle of strategy games in todays world. There is none better. All the information needed to become involved is available here, the official site for the game of Empire.
Enhancements:
- Fix declare to prevent the deity from changing relations for a player to self. Allow the deity to set the relations of a player towards the deity.
- Fix arm not to put the same nuke on multiple planes (broken in 4.3.3).
- New option AUTO_POWER.
- Repair allied land units.
- Only repair owned and allied planes.
- Fix repair of planes on foreign carriers: repair allied planes, ignore the others. Before 4.3.3, carriers destroyed rather than repaired foreign planes. Since 4.3.3, foreign planes were treated as recoverable error.
- Fix automatic fortification of land units to use all excess mobility even when mobility delta exceeds mobility maximum.
- Disable automatic fortification of land units when MOB_ACCESS is on, because it is prohibitively slow then (broken in 4.2.13).
- Budget now shows level production (tech, education, research and happiness) rounded instead of randomly rounded.
- Fix update not to randomly flush small level production to zero.
- Fix overly restrictive game file locking under Windows (broken in 4.3.8).
- Fix navigate to charge mobility for sweeping mines without moving (broken in 4.3.6).
- Code cleanup.
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Added: 2007-01-07 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
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PHP Online RPG 1.1unstable

PHP Online RPG 1.1unstable


PHP Online RPG project is an graphical online RPG. more>>
PHP Online RPG project is an graphical online RPG.
This RPG uses only the browser to create a vast world. The power of html tables allow us to create a graphical online rpg that is fast, and vivid. The only requirements are a browser and patience.
As the world grows, its possible for the code to move slower and we ask your patience. This game truly is an inspiration to those who want to play games at work on a simple web browser.
The RPG featured has certain placement graphics from Delta Taos ClanLord. These are not meant for distribution, but for examples. You can change the style to a Diablo-type RPG, or an anime rpg, or something completely different such as a space RPG.
The project, including the layout, is open ended. The first couple of releases are to get public interest. The code is not the best. When we have a stable release we will mark the download. The only admin at this time is Adam.Atomical.
Enhancements:
- Object oriented interface
- Specialized function interface ( for PHP coders )
- Multi-player combat
- Single player combat
- Treasure
- Finding Inventory
- Spawning of Items
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Added: 2006-11-07 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
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Statistics::PointEstimation 1.1.0

Statistics::PointEstimation 1.1.0


Statistics::PointEstimation is a Perl module for computing confidence intervals in parameter estimation. more>>
Statistics::PointEstimation is a Perl module for computing confidence intervals in parameter estimation with Students T distribution.

Statistics::PointEstimation::Sufficient - Perl module for computing the confidence intervals using sufficient statistics

SYNOPSIS

# example for Statistics::PointEstimation
use Statistics::PointEstimation;

my @r=();
for($i=1;$iset_significance(95); #set the significance(confidence) level to 95%
$stat->add_data(@r);
$stat->output_confidence_interval(); #output summary
$stat->print_confidence_interval(); #output the data hash related to confidence interval estimation

#the following is the same as $stat->output_confidence_interval();
print "Summary from the observed values of the sample:n";
print "tsample size= ", $stat->count()," , degree of freedom=", $stat->df(), "n";
print "tmean=", $stat->mean()," , variance=", $stat->variance(),"n";
print "tstandard deviation=", $stat->standard_deviation()," , standard error=", $stat->standard_error(),"n";
print "t the estimate of the mean is ", $stat->mean()," +/- ",$stat->delta(),"nt",
" or (",$stat->lower_clm()," to ",$stat->upper_clm," ) with ",$stat->significance," % of confidencen";
print "t t-statistic=T=",$stat->t_statistic()," , Prob >|T|=",$stat->t_prob(),"n";

#example for Statistics::PointEstimation::Sufficient

use strict;
use Statistics::PointEstimation;
my ($count,$mean,$variance)=(30,3.996,1.235);
my $stat = new Statistics::PointEstimation::Sufficient;
$stat->set_significance(99);
$stat->load_data($count,$mean,$variance);
$stat->output_confidence_interval();
$stat->set_significance(95);
$stat->output_confidence_interval();

Statistics::PointEstimation

This module is a subclass of Statistics::Descriptive::Full. It uses T-distribution for point estimation assuming the data is normally distributed or the sample size is sufficiently large. It overrides the add_data() method in Statistics::Descriptive to compute the confidence interval with the specified significance level (default is 95%). It also computes the t-statistic=T and Prob>|T| in case of hypothesis testing of paired T-tests.

Statistics::PointEstimation::Sufficient

This module is a subclass of Statistics::PointEstimation. Instead of taking the real data points as the input, it will compute the confidence intervals based on the sufficient statistics and the sample size inputted. To use this module, you need to pass the sample size, the sample mean , and the sample variance into the load_data() function. The output will be exactly the same as the Statistics::PointEstimation Module.

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Added: 2006-12-18 License: Perl Artistic License Price:
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dbdeploy 2.01

dbdeploy 2.01


dbdeploy is a Database Change Management tool. more>>
dbdeploy is a Database Change Management tool. The project helps developers and DBAs change their database in a simple, controlled, flexible and frequent manner.

The recurring problem with database development is that at some point you’ll need to upgrade an existing database and preserve its content. In development environments it’s often possible (even desirable) to blow away the database and rebuild from scratch as often as the code is rebuilt but this approach cannot be taken forward into more controlled environments such as QA, UAT and Production.

Drawing from our experiences, we’ve found that one of the easiest ways to allow people to change the database is by using version-controlled SQL delta scripts. We’ve also found it beneficial to ensure that the scripts used to build development environments are the exact same used in QA, UAT and production. Maintaining and making use of these deltas can quickly become a significant overhead - dbdeploy aims to address this.

How It Works

By comparing the SQL delta scripts on your filesystem against a patch table in the target database, it generates SQL scripts – it doesn’t directly apply them.

Invocation methods

dbdeploy can be called from within an ant build file.

DBMS support

dbdeploy supports the following DBMS:

Oracle
MS SQL Server
Sybase
Hypersonic SQL
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Added: 2006-11-28 License: BSD License Price:
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Sys::Statistics::Linux 0.13

Sys::Statistics::Linux 0.13


Sys::Statistics::Linux is a Perl module to collect linux system statistics. more>>
Sys::Statistics::Linux is a Perl module to collect linux system statistics.

SYNOPSIS

use Sys::Statistics::Linux;

my $lxs = new Sys::Statistics::Linux;

$lxs->set(
SysInfo => 1,
CpuStats => 1,
ProcStats => 1,
MemStats => 1,
PgSwStats => 1,
NetStats => 1,
SockStats => 1,
DiskStats => 1,
DiskUsage => 1,
LoadAVG => 1,
FileStats => 1,
Processes => 1,
);

sleep 1;

my $stat = $lxs->get;

This module is the main package from the distribution Sys::Statistics::Linux and collects different linux system informations like processor workload, memory usage, network and disk statisitcs and other system informations. Refer to the documentation of the distribution modules to get more informations about all possible statistics and system informations.

TECHNICAL NOTE

This distribution collects statistics by the virtual /proc filesystem (procfs) and is developed on default vanilla kernels. It is tested on x86 hardware with the distributions SuSE (SuSE on s390 and s390x architecture as well), Red Hat, Debian, Asianux, Slackware and Mandrake on kernel versions 2.4 and 2.6 and should run on all linux kernels with a default vanilla kernel as well. It is possible that this module doesnt run on all distributions if the procfs is too much modified.

For example the linux kernel 2.4 can compiled with the option "CONFIG_BLK_STATS". It is possible to activate or deactivate the block statistics for devices with this option. These statistics doesnt exist in /proc/partitions if this option isnt activated. Since linux kernel 2.5 these statistics are in /proc/diskstats.

Further it is necessary to run it as a user with the authorization to read the /proc filesystem.

DELTAS

The options CpuStats, ProcStats, PgSwStats, NetStats, DiskStats and Processes are deltas, for this reason its necessary to initialize the statistics first, before the data be generated with get(). The statistics can be initialized with the methods new(), set() and init(). Each option that is set to TRUE (1) will be initialized by the call of new() or set(). The call of init() reinitialize all statistics that are set to 1. By the call of get() the initial statistics will be updated automatically. Please refer the METHOD section to get more information about the calls of new(), set() and get().

Another exigence is that you need to sleep for while - at least for one second - before you call get() if you want to get useful statistics. The options SysInfo, MemStats, SockStats, DiskUsage, LoadAVG and FileStats are no deltas. If you need only one of this informations you dont need to sleep before the call of get().

The get() function collects all requested informations and returns a hash reference with the statistics. The inital statistics will be updated. You can turn on and off options with set()

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Added: 2007-07-26 License: Perl Artistic License Price:
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Time::Skew 0.1

Time::Skew 0.1


Time::Skew is a Perl module that computes local clock skew with respect to a remote clock. more>>
Time::Skew is a Perl module that computes local clock skew with respect to a remote clock.

SYNOPISI

use Time::Skew

# Init Convex Hull and timing data
my $hull=[];
my $result={};

# Iterate data point introduction
Time::Skew::convexhull($result,$datapoint,$hull);

This module supports the computation of the skew between two clocks: the (relative) skew is the speed with which two clocks diverge. For instance, if yesterday two clocks, at the same time, showed respectively 10:00 and 10:05, while today when the former shows 10:00 the latter shows 10:04, we say that their relative skew is 1 minute/24 hours, roughly 7E-4.

The module contains one single subroutine, which accepts as input a pair of timestamps, associated to a message from host A to host B: the timestamps correspond to the time when the message was sent, and to the time when message is received. Each timestamp reflects the value of the local clock where the operation takes place: the clock of host A for the send, the clock of B for the receive.

Please note that the module does _not_ contain any message exchange facility, but only the mathematics needed to perform the skew approximation, once timestamps are known.

The subroutine takes as argument:

a reference to a hash where values related to the timing of the network path from A to B;
a 2-elems array (a data point in the sequel) containing the timestamp of the receive event, and the differece between the send timestamp and the receive timestamp for one message;
a stack containing some data points, those that form the convex hull.

The usage is very simple, and is illustrated by the following example:

#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use strict;
use Time::Skew;

# Initialize data
my $hull=[];
my $result={};
while ( 1 ) {
# Exchange message and acquire a new data point
my $datapoint = acquire();
# Call the convexhull subroutine
Time::Skew::convexhull($result,$datapoint,$hull);
# After first message some results are still undefined
( defined $result->{skewjitter} ) || next;
# here you can use the results

};
}

The data returned in the "result" hash is the following:

result->{skew} the clock skew;
result->{skewjitter} the variance of the skew estimate, used to estimate convergence;
result->{jitter} difference between the current delay and the previous delay;
result->{delay} the communication delay, decremented by a constant (yet unknown) value, used to compute communication jitter;
result->{elems} the number of data points in the convex hull;
result->{select} the index of the data point in the convex hull used to compute the skew;
result->{itimestamp} the timestamp, first element in the data point just passed to the subroutine;
result->{delta} the timestamp difference, second element in the data point just passed to the subroutine;

The data returned in the "hull" stack is a series of data points, selected from those passed to successive calls of the subroutine. The number of data points in the "hull" stack usually does not exceed 20 units.

The algorithm is very fast: each call consists in scanning at most all data points in the "hull" stack, performing simple arithmetic operations for each element.

The algorithm must be fed with a sequence of data points before returning significant results. The accuracy of the estimate keeps growing while new data points are passed to the subroutine. A rough rule of thumb to evaluate estimate accuracy is to observe the skew jitter, and assume it corresponds to the skew estimate accuracy. Paths with quite regular communication delay (small jitter) converge faster.

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RPM Delta Compression Virtual Update Repository 0.2.0

RPM Delta Compression Virtual Update Repository 0.2.0


RPM Delta Compression Virtual Update Repository for significantly reducing the bandwidth required to apply updates. more>>
RPM Delta Compression Virtual Update Repository is an experiment to explore the possibility of significantly reducing the bandwidth required to apply updates to a Fedora installation.
This software includes a server which provides a virtual update repository to clients such as yum, up2date, or other update tools. RPM Delta Compression Virtual Update Repository also includes a utility to create and maintain a RPM delta repository.
The server will attempt to generate the update RPM from a small delta file applied to a locally stored RPM from the original distribution.
Enhancements:
- This version utilizes the SuSE deltarpm tool as the underlying delta generator.
- It features both HTTP virtual update of the RPM repository (using Tomcat servlet container) and command line tools for generating update RPMs from a delta repository.
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Added: 2006-03-02 License: GPL (GNU General Public License) Price:
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