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Class::Meta::Declare is a Perl module deprecated in favor of Class::Meta::Express.

SYNOPSIS

This was a first attempt at making a saner interface for Class::Meta. It is nicer, but Class::Meta::Express is nicer still. Go use that one.

package MyApp::Thingy;
use Class::Meta::Declare :all;
use Data::UUID;

Class::Meta::Declare->new(
meta => [
key => thingy,
accessors => $ACC_SEMI_AFFORDANCE,
],
attributes => [
pi => {
context => $CTXT_CLASS,
authz => $AUTHZ_READ,
default => 3.1415927,
},
id => {
authz => $AUTHZ_READ,
type => $TYPE_STRING,
default => sub { Data::UUID->new->create_str },
},
name => {
required => 1,
type => $TYPE_STRING,
default => No Name Supplied,
},
age => { type => $TYPE_INTEGER, },
],
methods => [
some_method => {
view => $VIEW_PUBLIC,
code => sub {
my $self = shift;
return [ reverse @_ ];
},
}
]
);

my $object = MyApp::Thingy->new;
print MyApp::Thingy->pi; # prints 3.1415927
print $object->name; # prints "No Name Supplied;
$object->set_name("bob");
print $object->name; # prints "bob"

This class provides an alternate interface for Class::Meta.

Class::Meta is a useful module which allows one to create Perl classes which support introspection (also known as reflection). Typically Perl classes, when created, dont supply a lot of metadata. Imported helper functions show up when you call $object->can($method). Private, protected and trusted methods are not readily supported. Fetching a list of attributes or methods is a haphazard affair. Class::Meta overcomes these shortcomings by building the classes for you and allowing you to fetch a class object:

my $class_object = $object->my_class;

foreach my $attribute ( $class_object->attributes ) {
print $attribute->name, "n";
}
foreach my $method ( $class_object->methods ) {
print $method->name, "n";
}

If youve set up your class correctly, these properties are now easy to discover.

Unfortunately, many find the Class::Meta interface to be a bit clumsy. As an alternative, Class::Meta::Declare allows you to declare your entire class in a single argument list to the constructor and have the class built for you automatically. Further, reasonable defaults are provided for just about everything.

IMPORTANT: You want this class or Class::Meta if you need an introspection API for your classes. If you do not need introspection or dynamic class generation, these modules are overkill.

Class::Container is a Perl module with Glues object frameworks together transparently.

SYNOPSIS

package Car;
use Class::Container;
@ISA = qw(Class::Container);

__PACKAGE__->valid_params
(
paint => {default => burgundy},
style => {default => coupe},
windshield => {isa => Glass},
radio => {isa => Audio::Device},
);

__PACKAGE__->contained_objects
(
windshield => Glass::Shatterproof,
wheel => { class => Vehicle::Wheel,
delayed => 1 },
radio => Audio::MP3,
);

sub new {
my $package = shift;

# windshield and radio objects are created automatically by
# SUPER::new()
my $self = $package->SUPER::new(@_);

$self->{right_wheel} = $self->create_delayed_object(wheel);
... do any more initialization here ...
return $self;
}

This class facilitates building frameworks of several classes that inter-operate. It was first designed and built for HTML::Mason, in which the Compiler, Lexer, Interpreter, Resolver, Component, Buffer, and several other objects must create each other transparently, passing the appropriate parameters to the right class, possibly substituting other subclasses for any of these objects.

The main features of Class::Container are:

Explicit declaration of containment relationships (aggregation, factory creation, etc.)
Declaration of constructor parameters accepted by each member in a class framework
Transparent passing of constructor parameters to the class that needs them
Ability to create one (automatic) or many (manual) contained objects automatically and transparently

Class::Adapter is a Perl implementation of the "Adapter" Design Pattern.

The Class::Adapter class is intended as an abstract base class for creating any sort of class or object that follows the Adapter pattern.

What is an Adapter?

The term Adapter refers to a "Design Pattern" of the same name, from the famous "Gang of Four" book "Design Patterns". Although their original implementation was designed for Java and similar single-inheritance strictly-typed langauge, the situation for which it applies is still valid.

An Adapter in this Perl sense of the term is when a class is created to achieve by composition (objects containing other object) something that cant be achieved by inheritance (sub-classing).

This is similar to the Decorator pattern, but is intended to be applied on a class-by-class basis, as opposed to being able to be applied one object at a time, as is the case with the Decorator pattern.

The Class::Adapter object holds a parent object that it "wraps", and when a method is called on the Class::Adapter, it manually calls the same (or different) method with the same (or different) parameters on the parent object contained within it.

Instead of these custom methods being hooked in on an object-by-object basis, they are defined at the class level.

Basically, a Class::Adapter is one of your fall-back positions when Perls inheritance model fails you, or is no longer good enough, and you need to do something twisty in order to make several APIs play nicely with each other.

What can I do with the actual Class::Adapter class

Well... nothing really. It exist to provide some extremely low level fundamental methods, and to provide a common base for inheritance of Adapter classes.
The base Class::Adapter class doesnt even implement a way to push method calls through to the underlying object, since the way in which that happens is the bit that changes from case to case.

To actually DO something, you probably want to go take a look at Class::Adapter::Builder, which makes the creation of Adapter classes relatively quick and easy.

Class::Inner is a perlish implementation of Java like inner classes.

SYNOPSIS

use Class::Inner;

my $object = Class::Inner->new(
parent => ParentClass,
methods => { method => sub { ... } }, },
constructor => new,
args => [@constructor_args],
);

Yet another implementation of an anonymous class with per object overrideable methods, but with the added attraction of sort of working dispatch to the parent classs method.

METHODS

new HASH

Takes a hash like argument list with the following keys.

parent

The name of the parent class. Note that you can only get single inheritance with this or SUPER wont work.

methods

A hash, keys are method names, values are CODEREFs.

constructor

The name of the constructor method. Defaults to new.

args

An anonymous array of arguments to pass to the constructor. Defaults to an empty list.

Returns an object in an anonymous class which inherits from the parent class. This anonymous class has a couple of extra methods:

SUPER

If you were to pass something like

$obj = Class::Inner->new(
parent => Parent,
methods => { method => sub { ...; $self->SUPER::method(@_) } },
);

then $self-gtSUPER::method almost certainly wouldnt do what you expect, so we provide the SUPER method which dispatches to the parent implementation of the current method. There seems to be no good way of getting the full SUPER:: functionality, but Im working on it.

DESTROY

Because Class::Inner works by creating a whole new class name for your object, it could potentially leak memory if you create a lot of them. So we add a DESTROY method that removes the class from the symbol table once its finished with.

If you need to override a parents DESTROY method, adding a call to Class::Inner::clean_symbol_table(ref $self) to it. Do it at the end of the method or your other method calls wont work.

clean_symbol_table

The helper subroutine that DESTROY uses to remove the class from the symbol table.

new_classname

Returns a name for the next anonymous class.

Class::InsideOut is a Perl module with a safe, simple inside-out object construction kit.
SYNOPSIS
package My::Class;
use Class::InsideOut qw( public private register id );
public name => my %name; # accessor: name()
private age => my %age; # no accessor
sub new { register( shift ) }
sub greeting {
my $self = shift;
return "Hello, my name is $name{ id $self }";
}
This is a simple, safe and streamlined toolkit for building inside-out objects. Unlike most other inside-out object building modules already on CPAN, this module aims for minimalism and robustness:
- Does not require derived classes to subclass it
- Uses no source filters, attributes or CHECK blocks
- Supports any underlying object type including black-box inheritance
- Does not leak memory on object destruction
- Overloading-safe
- Thread-safe for Perl 5.8 or better
- mod_perl compatible
- Makes no assumption about inheritance or initializer needs
It provides the minimal support necessary for creating safe inside-out objects and generating flexible accessors.

Class::DBI::Template::Stash is a Perl module with Template::Stash subclass for Class::DBI::Template.

SYNOPSIS

package Music::DBI;
use base Class::DBI;
use Class::DBI::Template;

There is nothing you need to do for this module, it is setup for you when you use Class::DBI::Template. It provides a subclass of Template::Stash that overrides its get() method. The new method knows how to find the Class::DBI object that we are rendering, and how to get information out of it for use by the Template module for rendering your template.

Class::Delegation is a Perl object-oriented delegation.

SYNOPSIS

package Car;

use Class::Delegation
send => steer,
to => ["left_front_wheel", "right_front_wheel"],

send => drive,
to => ["right_rear_wheel", "left_rear_wheel"],
as => ["rotate_clockwise", "rotate_anticlockwise"]

send => power,
to => flywheel,
as => brake,

send => brake,
to => qr/.*_wheel$/,

send => halt
to => -SELF,
as => brake,

send => qr/^MP_(.+)/,
to => mp3,
as => sub { $1 },

send => -OTHER,
to => mp3,

send => debug,
to => -ALL,
as => dump,

send => -ALL,
to => logger,
;